Beyaz pekin ördeklerinde yem formunun ve yem kompozisyonunun performansa etkileri
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Tarih
1991
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
ÖZET Beyaz Pekin ördeklerinde, ince ve pelet yem ile, protein kaynağı olarak, ayçiçeği tohumu küspesi ve soya fasulyesi küspesinin, kasaplık ördek performansına etkilerini araştırmak üzere bir deneme düzenlenmiştir. Bu amaçla, bir günlük 96 adet Beyaz Pekin ördeği palazı 2x2 faktöriyel deneme desenine uygun olarak 6' şar tekerrür halinde ve her deneme ünitesine 4 ördek düşecek şekilde şansa bağlı olarak dağıtılmıştır. Ördekler, damla tipi suluklu, yem saçımının minimum düzeyde olmasını sağlayan özel yemlikli, 3 katlı deneme kafeslerinde barındırılmış ve deneme odası 24 saat süreyle aydınlatılmıştır. Deneme yemlerinden, 0-3 haftalar arası verilen, soya fasulyesi küspesine dayalı başlatma yemi, % 23.1 ham protein, 2844 kcal/kg ME ve ayçiçeği tohumu küspesine dayalı başlatma yemi, % 23.1 ham protein, 2846 kcal/kg ME' lidir. 4-8 haftalar arası verilen soya fasulyesi küspesine dayalı bitirme yemi % 19.0 ham protein, 2852 kcal/kg ME ve ayçiçeği tohumu küspesine dayalı bitirme yemi ise % 19.2 ham protein, 2861 kcal/kg ME içermektedir. Hazırlanan bu yemler, izokalorik ve izonitrojenik olup, 8 haftalık deneme süresince ördek gruplarına ad libitum olarak verilmiştir. Pelet yem tüketen grupların, 7. hafta sonunda canlı ağırlık ortalaması 1974 g, ince yem tüketen grupların ise 1692 g olup, istatistiki olarak birbirinden önemli derecede (P<0.01) farklıdır. 8. hafta canlı ağırlık ortalamaları ise, pelet yem tüketen gruplarda 2091 g ve ince yem tüketen gruplarda 1829 g olarak belirlenmiştir. 7. hafta sonunda, pelet yem tüketen grupların canlı ağırlık artışı ortalaması 34.1 g ve ince yem tüketen gruplarda ise 29.5 g olup, istatistiki olarak bir fark bulunamamıştır. Ancak, 4.6 g' lık sayısal bir fark olduğu görülmektedir.VI Ortalama yem tüketimi değerleri bakımından, gruplar arasında istatistiki olarak herhangi bir fark bulunamamıştır. Yemden yararlanma oranları, 8. haftada, pelet yem tüketen gruplarda 3.66 ve ince yem tüketen gruplarda ise 4.19 olup aradaki fark istatistiki olarak önemli (P<0.01) bulunmuştur. Soya fasulyesi küspesi ve ayçiçeği tohumu küspesi arasında ise bu kriterler bakımından bir fark bulunamamıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonuçlan, kasaplık Pekin ördeklerine başlatma ve bitirme yemlerinin pelet formda verilmesinin canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık artışı, yemden yararlanma ve yem tüketimi bakımından ince yeme göre performansı daha olumlu yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Diğer taraftan, ayçiçeği tohumu küspesi ile soya fasulyesi küspesini içeren yemleri tüketen ördek grupları arasında önemli bir fark olmaması, ayçiçeği tohumu küspesinin ördek yemlerinde lisin ile takviye edilmesi koşuluyla soya fasulyesi küspesi yerine ikame edilebileceğini göstermektedir.
VII SUMMARY An experiment was conducted in order to test the effects of pelet and mash feed forms and sunflower meal and soybean meal as vegetable protein source on White Pekin Duck live performance. For this purpose, 96 day old White Pekin ducklings were used and each of the 4 treatments (2 feed forms and 2 protein sources) was randomly alloted according to 2 x 2 factorial design to 6 experimental units in which 4 ducks were housed. Ducklings were housed in 3 tier type cage units with special designed feeders that minimize feed spilage and with nipple type drinkers. Light was put on for 24 hours a day in the experimental room. Starters were given for the first 3 weeks period and were consisted of 2844 kcal/kg ME; 23.1 % protein and 2846 kcal/kg ME; 23.1 % protein for soybean meal and sunflower meal respectively. Finishers were given for the rest of 4-8 weeks period and were consisted of soybean meal and sunflower meal at 2852 kcal/kg ME; 19.0 % protein and 2861 kcal/kg; 19.2 % protein levels respectively. Experimental feeds were formulated isocaloricly and isonitrojenicaly. To do this, sentetic lisin were added in to the feeds in which sunflower was used as protein source. Ducks were fed ad libitum for the whole experimental periods. The duck groups fed with pelet type feeds were averagely 1974 g at the end of 7. week where as the other groups fed with mash type feeds were 1692 g and they were significantly (P<0.01) different. Average live weights for pelet and mash type feeds were 2091 g and 1829 g respectively at the end of 8. week.VIII Average daily gain was not statisticly different groups as with 34. 1 g/day and 29.5 g/day respective values at the end of 7. week. However there was numerical difference between the two groups. There were not any statistical difference among the whole groups with respect to feed consumption. Feed conversion values related to end of 8. week were significantly (P<0.01) different for pelet and mash type feeds with 3.66 and 4. 19 respective figures. There was not any significant difference between the feeds consisted of soybean meal or sunflower meal concerning to the whole performance criteria. The results of this study indicated that duck starter and finisher feeds significantly improved live weight, daily gain, feed consumption and feed conversion when they were given in pelet form rather than in mash form. On the other hand, these results also showed that sunflower meal could efficiently replace soybean meal as vegetable protein source in duck starter and finisher feeds only if it would be supplemented with sentetic lisin.
VII SUMMARY An experiment was conducted in order to test the effects of pelet and mash feed forms and sunflower meal and soybean meal as vegetable protein source on White Pekin Duck live performance. For this purpose, 96 day old White Pekin ducklings were used and each of the 4 treatments (2 feed forms and 2 protein sources) was randomly alloted according to 2 x 2 factorial design to 6 experimental units in which 4 ducks were housed. Ducklings were housed in 3 tier type cage units with special designed feeders that minimize feed spilage and with nipple type drinkers. Light was put on for 24 hours a day in the experimental room. Starters were given for the first 3 weeks period and were consisted of 2844 kcal/kg ME; 23.1 % protein and 2846 kcal/kg ME; 23.1 % protein for soybean meal and sunflower meal respectively. Finishers were given for the rest of 4-8 weeks period and were consisted of soybean meal and sunflower meal at 2852 kcal/kg ME; 19.0 % protein and 2861 kcal/kg; 19.2 % protein levels respectively. Experimental feeds were formulated isocaloricly and isonitrojenicaly. To do this, sentetic lisin were added in to the feeds in which sunflower was used as protein source. Ducks were fed ad libitum for the whole experimental periods. The duck groups fed with pelet type feeds were averagely 1974 g at the end of 7. week where as the other groups fed with mash type feeds were 1692 g and they were significantly (P<0.01) different. Average live weights for pelet and mash type feeds were 2091 g and 1829 g respectively at the end of 8. week.VIII Average daily gain was not statisticly different groups as with 34. 1 g/day and 29.5 g/day respective values at the end of 7. week. However there was numerical difference between the two groups. There were not any statistical difference among the whole groups with respect to feed consumption. Feed conversion values related to end of 8. week were significantly (P<0.01) different for pelet and mash type feeds with 3.66 and 4. 19 respective figures. There was not any significant difference between the feeds consisted of soybean meal or sunflower meal concerning to the whole performance criteria. The results of this study indicated that duck starter and finisher feeds significantly improved live weight, daily gain, feed consumption and feed conversion when they were given in pelet form rather than in mash form. On the other hand, these results also showed that sunflower meal could efficiently replace soybean meal as vegetable protein source in duck starter and finisher feeds only if it would be supplemented with sentetic lisin.
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Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
