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    The effects of citric acid (antioxidant) and benzoic acid (antimicrobial agent) on the mouse liver: biochemical and histopathological study
    (Springer, 2003) Aktac, T; Kaboglu, A; Ertan, F; Ekinci, F; Huseyinova, G
    The damaging effects of citric acid and benzoic acid on mouse liver were reported. Aqueous solutions of citric acid and benzoic acid (concentrations 0.01% and 0.02%) were administered to male mice as drinking water. After 10 days, it was observed that the necrotic changes (vacuolated and glassy cytoplasm in hepatocytes, chromatin decrease, and increase of collagen fibers amongst hepatocytes) occurred in livers of all experimental groups. Uricase activity significantly increased in all treated groups (p < 0.01, p < 0.001, p < 0.002) compared to the controls. However, there was no statistically significant increase in catalase activity (p < 0.1).
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    A short evaluation of aging theories and focal points of aging studies
    (Springer, 2004) Kaboglu, A
    The process of aging has been investigated for a long time. Numerous theories were described to understand actual mechanism of aging. External environmental factors, genomic component, somatic mutation, harmful effects of free radicals, decline of the immune response and deficiency in the endocrine system, accumulation of glycosylation end products (AEGs), decreasing amount of heat-shock proteins (HSPs), telomeric shortening and calorie intake are thought to be related. Many questions exist about, the phenomenon aging and life span. This article represents a brief evaluation of aging theories and fundamental focus point of aging studies.
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    A study of the effects of sodium benzoate on the mouse liver
    (Springer, 2002) Kaboglu, A; Aktac, T
    In this study, the effects of sodium benzoate, on the mouse liver were investigated histopathologically and biochemically. The solutions of 2.5, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0% of sodium benzoate were applied to the animals in drinking water. The animals treated with 5.0% sodium benzoate died at 8(th) day. At the end of ten days, weight of the animals decreased significantly (p < 0.01, p < 0.001). Total weight and the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and gluthatione peroxidase (Gpx) in the liver were not changed. Microscopical,examination of the liver showed necrotic and cirrhotic changes in the mice fed with sodium benzoate depending on the dose. These changes were tissue degeneration, picnotic nuclei, glassy and vacuolated cytoplasm, nuclear membrane invagination, loss of mitochondrial cristae, plasmorexis, and increasing of the amount of collagen fibers. The results of the present study indicate that sodium benzoate might cause damage by other mechanisms than the oxidative stress in the mouse liver.