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Öğe The anti-campylobacter activity of eugenol and its potential for poultry meat safety: A review(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2022) Gurbuz, Murat; Korkmaz, Burcu Irem OmurtagPoultry is one of the fastest growing industries due to advantages in land use, rapid production and advances in feed technology. The rising trend in the consumption of poultry meat over the last 50 years has also increased concerns about food safety. Campylobacter jejuni is the leading bacterial cause of gastroenteritis, the foremost cause of foodborne deaths. Despite significant progress in food safety methology, the genus Campylobacter remains a common foodborne pathogen in poultry. Increasing consumer demands for natural products require the discovery of new antimicrobials to ensure the safety of poultry meat. Recent studies have revealed that eugenol acts with antimicrobial activity on a wide variety of foodborne microorganisms. Eugenol is generally recognized as safe and is a promising preservative for the food industry. However, specific applications of eugenol need to be identified and validated to clarify the role of the food preservative in poultry meat safety.Öğe Antidiabetic effect of olive leaf extract on streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in experimental animals(Aran Ediciones, S L, 2020) Gurbuz, Murat; Ogut, SerdalIntroduction: recently, a relationship between diabetic complications and oxidative stress has been emphasized. There have been some studies showing the effect of olive leaf on hyperglycemia and diabetic complications due to its antioxidant properties. In many studies the effect of olive leaf on plasma total antioxidant level has been measured by different methods. Our study represents the first time it has been measured by a new method of total thiol disulfide homeostasis. Objective: chronic exposure to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetic complications through oxidative stress mediators. Thiol is one of the most important antioxidant barriers in humans, and thiol disulfide homeostasis is a new oxidative stress marker. We aimed to investigate the effect of olive leaf extract (OLE) obtained from fresh leaves of Olea europaea, var oleaster on diabetic complications through their hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect in diabetic rats. Methods: twenty-eight Wistar albino rats aged 12-13 weeks were used in the study. The rats were divided into a control group (C), a diabetic control group pc), a diabetic group treated with 200 mg/kg OLE (D+200), and a diabetic group treated with 400 mg/kg OLE (D+400), having 7 rats in each group. The treatment groups received OLE by the gavage method for 21 days. At the end of the study, all rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood samples collected from the heart were centrifuged and glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, uric acid, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) level, and thiol-disulfide homeostasis were determined. The hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) analysis was performed on complete blood. In addition, a tail flick test and hot plate modeling were performed to indicate pain perception loss. Results: it was observed that OLE had no effect on serum glucose and HbA1c levels. On the contrary, OLE reduced the levels of total cholesterol (p <0.01), urea (p <0.01) and hot plate latency (p < 0.01) in a significant manner. Also, OLE showed a tendency to reduce LOOH levels and to increase thiol levels in a dose-dependent manner (p > 0.05). Conclusion: OLE supplementation for 21 days, at the amounts used, cannot protect against hyperglycemia but may be protective against hypercholesterolemia and tissue damage as caused by diabetes mellitus in rats.Öğe The antimicrobial effect of eugenol against Campylobacter jejuni on experimental raw chicken breast meat model(Wiley, 2024) Gurbuz, Murat; Ercan, Aydan; Omurtag-Korkmaz, Burcu IremCampylobacter jejuni is the predominant bacterial cause of gastroenteritis, the main cause of foodborne deaths. Currently, Campylobacter is a common foodborne pathogen found in poultry; thus, there is a need for the development of novel intervention strategies. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of eugenol on C. jejuni load in an experimental chicken meat model. We observed that eugenol was effective in reducing C. jejuni load for 7 days of storage. Eugenol treatment at all concentrations (1.28, 5.12, and 10.24 mg mL(-1)) decreased Campylobacter load more significantly in the reference strain, and this decrease was dose-dependent throughout the storage period. Compared to the control group, eugenol reduced the counts of chicken isolate and the reference strain of C. jejuni by approximately 1.5 and 4.5 log/CFU, respectively, after 7 days of storage. Eugenol is a promising agent for improving the safety of poultry.Öğe Assessment of in vitro bioaccessibility of pyridoxal, pyridoxine and pyridoxamine forms of vitamin B6 in various vegetables(Vup Food Research Inst, Bratislava, 2023) Gurbuz, Murat; Catak, Jale; Ugur, Halime; Demir, Busra; Beceren, Yavuz; Yaman, MustafaVitamin B6 is defined as the sum of pyridoxal, pyridoxine and pyridoxamine vitamers. The content of each form is quite different in various types of vegetables. This investigation aimed to determine the amount and bioaccessibility of pyridoxal, pyridoxine and pyridoxamine vitamers of vitamin B6 in various vegetables. In the study, it was determined that the total vitamin B6 content in various vegetables (carrots, broccoli, brussels sprouts, zucchini, potatoes, cucumbers, red pepperoni, tomatoes, chard, green peppers, parsley, spinach, onions, green beans, leek and curly lettuce) ranged from 0.25 mg center dot kg(-1) to 5.93 mg center dot kg(-1). The average proportion of pyridoxal, pyridoxine and pyridoxamine forms in vegetables was 25.9 %, 50.3 %, and 23.8 %, respectively. However, these proportions were 34.7 %, 34.7 % and 14.8 % in green leafy vegetables. The bioaccessibility of total vitamin B6 in samples ranged from 17 % to 69 %, and the average bioaccessibility of pyridoxal, pyridoxine and pyridoxamine vitamers was 43 %, 34 % and 51 %, respectively. The lowest and highest average bioaccessibility was determined for pyridoxine and pyridoxamine vitamers, respectively.Öğe Association between breakfast consumption, breakfast quality, mental health and quality of life in Turkish adolescents: A high school-based cross-sectional study(Wiley, 2024) Gurbuz, Murat; Bayram, Hatice; Kabayel, Nazmiye; Tuerker, Zeynep; Sahin, Seyma; Icer, SerapThis study aimed to determine the frequency of breakfast consumption and breakfast quality among adolescents and to evaluate the relationships between breakfast consumption, breakfast quality, mental health, and health-related quality of life. This cross-sectional study included 449 students from 17 high schools between December 2022 and May 2023. A face-to-face questionnaire measuring the frequency of breakfast consumption, Mediterranean diet quality index (KIDMED), health-related quality of life (KIDSCREEN), and depression, anxiety and stress scales (DASS-21) was performed. Of the students, 54.1% skipped breakfast 2 or more times a week and 75.9% had poor breakfast quality. There were significant differences in breakfast quality classification according to the frequency of breakfast consumption (p = 0.003). Breakfast consumption <= 1 time/week or 2-5 times/week was associated with depression, anxiety and low adherence to the Mediterranean diet. No relationship was observed between breakfast quality and stress, depression or anxiety (p = 0.620, p = 0.586, p = 0.539, respectively) or between breakfast quality and the KIDSCREEN-27 subscales (p > 0.05). However, those eating poor-quality breakfasts had better results in physical wellbeing (p = 0.022), psychological wellbeing (p = 0.024), autonomy and parent relations (p = 0.017) than breakfast-skippers and also scored lower for depression, stress and anxiety (all p < 0.001). In conclusion, the frequency of breakfast consumption had a stronger association with reduced symptoms of stress, depression and anxiety, as well as improvements in all dimensions of health-related quality of life, compared to the quality of breakfast consumed. Given the association of breakfast consumption with mental health outcomes in adolescents, our findings are of great importance, especially to parents, clinicians and nutritional educators.Öğe Association between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, handgrip strength and nutritional status in geriatric patients(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2023) Epcacan, Elif; Gonul, Idil; Bayram, Hatice Merve; Gurbuz, MuratPurposeThis study aims to examine the relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), handgrip strength (HGS) and nutritional status in non-critically ill patients and outpatients. Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study was conducted on 80 geriatric patients. Nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form, Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index, some anthropometric and biochemical parameters. NLR was calculated from the complete blood count results. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0. FindingsWhile 38.3% of patients were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition, 61.7% had normal nutritional status. Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form was not correlated with NLR, whereas it showed a weak positive correlation with HGS. According to the logistic regression analysis, age, HGS, hemoglobin and platelet to lymphocyte ratio were significant independent factors for predicting malnutrition or risk of malnutrition. The receiver operator characteristic curve analysis showed that the optimum HGS cut-off point for patients with malnourished or at risk of malnutrition was 13.2. In conclusion, HGS was associated with the nutritional status. NLR was not associated with nutritional status but associated with nutritional risk. Originality/valueIt is well known that malnutrition is a serious health problem among older adults, and it is important to assess the nutritional status of older adults because of the adverse health effects. In addition, to the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to determine the relationship between NLR, HGS and nutritional status in non-critically ill patients and outpatients.Öğe In vitro bioaccessibilities of vitamin C in baby biscuits prepared with or without UHT cow's milk(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2022) Beceren, Yavuz; Gurbuz, Murat; Catak, Jale; Demir, Busra; Ugur, Halime; Yaman, MustafaVitamins C is an essential nutritional component of complementary baby foods. Knowing the bioaccessibility of vitamin C is important to determine daily vitamin intake for infants and young children. There is not enough information about the bioaccessibility of vitamin C added to baby biscuits and follow-on milk and the effect of UHT milk on vitamin C bioaccessibility. This study aimed to examine the bioaccessibility of vitamin C in baby biscuits and follow-on milk by an in vitro gastrointestinal system at different pH levels. Measured vitamin C concentrations were generally lower than the amounts declared on their labels. The average bioaccessibility of vitamin C in baby biscuits with and without added UHT cow's milk was 18.27 % and 0.34 % at gastric pH 1.5, respectively. It was 13.7 % and 0.30 % for gastric pH 4, respectively. The average bioaccessibility of vitamin C in follow-on milk was only 9.8 % and 9.1 %. In comparison, the bioaccessibility of naturally occurring vitamin C in UHT cow's milk was 91.6 % and 90.5 % at gastric pH 1.5 and gastric pH 4, respectively. As revealed in this research, the bioaccessibility of vitamin C in baby biscuits with UHT cow's milk was higher than that without adding UHT cow's milk in both gastric pH conditions. Naturally occurring vitamin C in milk was more bioaccessible in both gastric pH 1.5 and pH 4.Öğe In vitro bioaccessibility of vitamins B1, B2, and B3 from various vegetables(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Demir, Busra; Gurbuz, Murat; Catak, Jale; Ugur, Halime; Duman, Erman; Beceren, Yavuz; Yaman, MustafaB group vitamins, except folate, are involved in at least one step of cellular energy production. Vegetables are considered essential for a healthy diet plan. Vegetables significantly affect diet quality by contributing to the adequate intake of some B group vitamins. Our results demonstrated that the level of vitamins B-1, B-2, and B-3 in the studied vegetables was in the range of 9-85 mu g/100 g, 22-319 mu g/100 g, and 459-3497 mu g/100 g, respectively. However, it is fundamental to investigate the bioaccessibility of all vitamins to identify primary dietary sources. We observed that the average bioaccessibility values for vitamins B-1 and B-2 were 68.9% and 63.9%, respectively. The bioaccessibility of the nicotinic acid form of vitamin B-3 was 40%, while the nicotinamide form was 33.9%. As revealed in this research, the bioaccessibilities of vitamins B-1, B-2, and B-3 in vegetables were generally low in vitro.Öğe Understanding the role of vitamin A and its precursors in the immune system(Masson Editeur, 2022) Gurbuz, Murat; Aktac, SuleVitamin A is the first defined vitamin and is also known as an anti-inflammatory micronutrient. Although the primary biological function is preservation of epithelial tissue integrity, vision and growth, vitamin A also plays a role in immune system regulation. It is known that susceptibility to infections increases in developing countries due to vitamin A deficiency. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to evaluate the role of vitamin A on the immune system in line with current studies. In this review, we focused on the immunobiological effects of vitamin A and its precursors. Vitamin A refers to retinoids and carotenoids, but both function in the body through the most active form, all trans retinoic acid. All trans retinoic acid has the highest affinity of nuclear retinoic acid receptor. Reports from in-vivo and in-vitro studies shown that the formation of retinoic acid/retinoic acid receptor complex is important in the generation of innate and adaptive immune cell response. In addition to immune cell response, vitamin A also plays an important role in mucus secretion, morphological formation and functional maturation of epithelial cells. In this way, vitamin A appears to contribute to immune development by regulating immune cell response and providing mechanistic defense. Vitamin A has received particular attention in recent years as the vitamin have been shown to have a crucial effect on the immune response. Although more randomized controlled studies are needed, data from observational human studies have shown that vitamin A is associated with infectious, inflammatory, allergic diseases and cancers. ?? 2021 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS on behalf of Soci??t?? francophone nutrition clinique et m??tabolisme (SFNCM).Öğe An Updated View of the Effect of Probiotic Supplement on Sports Performance: A Detailed Review(Springernature, 2024) Aykut, Miray Nur; Erdogan, Esma Nur; Celik, Mensure Nur; Gurbuz, MuratPurpose of ReviewModulation of the host microbiota through probiotics has been shown to have beneficial effects on health in the growing body of research. Exercise increases the amount and diversity of beneficial microorganisms in the host microbiome. Although low- and moderate-intensity exercise has been shown to reduce physiological stress and improve immune function, high-intensity prolonged exercise can suppress immune function and reduce microbial diversity due to intestinal hypoperfusion. The effect of probiotic supplementation on sports performance is still being studied; however, questions remain regarding the mechanisms of action, strain used, and dose. In this review, the aim was to investigate the effects of probiotic supplements on exercise performance through modulation of gut microbiota and alleviation of GI symptoms, promotion of the immune system, bioavailability of nutrients, and aerobic metabolism.Recent FindingsProbiotic supplementation may improve sports performance by reducing the adverse effects of prolonged high-intensity exercise.SummaryAlthough probiotics have been reported to have positive effects on sports performance, information about the microbiome and nutrition of athletes has not been considered in most current studies. This may have limited the evaluation of the effects of probiotic supplementation on sports performance.Öğe Vitamin C bioaccessibility of commercially available dietary supplements: Quantity vs efficiency, does it matter?(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2023) Tuna, Beguem Hatice; Gurbuz, Murat; Ugur, Halime; catak, Jale; Yaman, MustafaKnowing the label claims and bioaccessibility of vitamin C supplements is essential for determining daily vitamin C intake. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the bioaccessibility of vitamin C in commercial dietary supplements by an in vitro digestion model. In our study, 17 products were examined, including 2 capsules, 15 tablets (9 of these 15 tablet were effervescent tablets). In most commercial dietary supplements, the measured amounts of vitamin C were very close to or higher than the declared amounts. The average measured vitamin C amount of the products were between 90.3 % and 107.5 % of the declared amount. The in vitro bioaccessibility of vitamin C in dietary supplements was ranged from 4.0 % to 88.0 %. We observed that the bioaccessibility of vitamin C is higher in mono-supplements compared to multi-supplements. Our results showed that the bioaccessibility of dietary supplements was highly variable. Differences in ingredients of dietary supplements may affect the bioaccessibility of vitamin C. Consequently, the ingredients of the vitamin C supplements and the coating technology used are likely to affect supplementation efficiency.