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    Composition and potential of Tanacetum haussknechtii Bornm. Grierson as antioxidant and inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, and -amylase enzymes
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2018) Yur, Suleyman; Tekin, Mehmet; Goger, Fatih; Baser, Kemal H. C.; Ozek, Temel; Ozek, Gulmira
    The phytochemical composition of essential oils and extracts of Tanacetum haussknechtii were investigated with GC-FID-MS and LC-MS/MS techniques and evaluated against oxidation, acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, and -amylase enzymes. The major volatile constituents of T. haussknectii were found to be - and -pinene, and borneol. Caffeoylquinic acid derivatives and flavonoids were detected in the aqueous, alcohol, and ethyl acetate extracts. In DPPH assay, the methanol extracts exhibited the highest activity. TEAC assay resulted with superiority of all methanol and the capitula ethyl acetate extract. In -carotene bleaching assay, linoleic acid was the best protected by the ethyl acetate extract of flower. The flower oil inhibited higher acetylcholinesterase activity than the remaining extracts. The flower ethyl acetate extract was found as the most effective inhibitor of -amylase. The herb and the leaf+stem water extracts possess highest inhibitory effect on tyrosinase.
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    Phytochemical characterisation of Phlomis linearis Boiss. & Bal and screening for anticholinesterase, antiamylase, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic properties
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2021) Goger, Gamze; Turkyolu, Ummuhan; Gursen, Ezgi Nur; Yur, Suleyman; Karaduman, Abdullah Burak; Goger, Fatih; Tekin, Mehmet
    In the present work, essential oil and fatty acids and extracts obtained from aerial parts of Phlomis linearis Boiss. & Bal. were investigated for chemical composition and biological activities. The phytochemical analyses were conducted with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/flame ionisation detector (GC-MS/FID) and liquid chromatography-mass spectromtetry (LC-MS/MS) techniques. The extracts and essential oil were studied for alpha-amylase and acetylcholinesterase activities with two different spectrophotometric methods. Antimicrobial activities of the extracts were investigated by microdilution. The extracts were evaluated in vitro for cytotoxic effects against cancer and normal cell lines by MTT assay. The essential oil (EO) contained alpha-pinene (12.5%) and beta-caryophyllene (10.7%) as main compounds. Palmitic (26.5%) and nonadecanoic acids (26.6%) were determined as fatty acids. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts found phenolic acids, phlinosides, verbascoside, and flavonoids. The extracts and essential oil demonstrated poor alpha-amylase inhibitory activity. The best acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity was obtained for diethly ether extract of P. linearis (67.2 +/- 3.4%) at 10 mg /mL concentration. Ethyl acetate extract found to be effective against Staphlococcus aureus at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 156.26 mu g/mL. Diethyl ether extract of P. linearis was active on A549 cell lines with an IC50 = 316 +/- 4.16 mu g/mL when compared with cisplatin IC50 = 24.43 +/- 0.14 mu g/mL. To the best of our knowledge, the present work is the first comprehensive report on anti-acetylcholinesterase, anti-alpha-amylase, and antimicrobial activities, as well as cytotoxic effects of P. linearis.
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    Volatiles and fatty acid analyzes of Tripleurospermum decipiens (Fisch & C. A. Mey) Bornm and investigation of the extracts for antimicrobial and enzyme inhibitory activities
    (Marmara Univ, 2021) Goger, Gamze; Yavas, Irem; Yur, Suleyman; Kose, Yavuz Bulent; Ozek, Gulmira
    In this study, the volatiles were obtained from aerial parts of Tripleurospermum decipiens (Fisch & C.A.Mey) Bornm with microsteam distillation - solid phase microextraction (MSD-SMPE) technique. The fatty acids from T. decipiens were obtained by using the microextraction method with subsequent transesterification with boron trifluoride reagent. The chemical compositions of the volatiles and fatty acid methyl esters was analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC / MS) techniques. n-Hexane (TDH) and methanol (TDM) extracts of T. decipiens were investigated for acetylcholineterase (AChE), alpha-amylase enzyme inhibitions and antimicrobial activities. In vitro inhibition of AChE was monitored by using Ellman's chromogenic agent, and antidiabetic effects of the extracts were spectrophometrically evaluated by inhibition of porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase enzyme. Antimicrobial activities of the extracts were evaluated against Salmonella enterica ATCC 14028, Bacillus subtilis subsp spizizeni ATCC 6633, B. subtilis ATCC 19654, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Klebsiella aerogenes ATCC 13048, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 by microdilution method. In vitro.-amylase enzyme inhibitory activity was observed for methanol extract (55.6%) at 10 mg/mL. The highest AChE inhibition was recorded for n-hexane extract (58.8%) at concentration (10 mg/mL). The extracts were found to be effective against B. subtilis ATCC 19654, B. subtilis subsp spizizeni ATCC 6633, S. aureus ATCC 6538 and C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019.