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    Application of Hypothetical Ecological Risk Analysis to Sustainable Usage of Possible Winter Recreation Areas in Seyhan Basin (Turkiye)
    (Istanbul Univ Press, Fac Aquatic Sciences, 2022) Yeler, Okan; Aydin, Gazel Burcu; Camur-Elipek, Belgin; Berberoglu, Suha
    In this study, the long-term suitability of the area proposals for winter recreation activities in the Seyhan Basin (Turkiye), which is located in the Mediterranean and Central Anatolia regions and includes a large part of the Taurus Mountains, were examined ecologically. For this purpose, the predicted global warming scenarios in the basin and the anthropogenic impacts arising from the planned recreation areas were evaluated for the upper basin (recreation areas) and lower basin (water resources, agricultural lands, and settlements) using a hypothetical risk analysis. For this purpose, multispectral images were obtained by using Landsat 8 Oli Multispectral images of the snow areas in the region in January-February-March 2019, and a hypothetical ecological risk analysis was created considering a total of 5 pressure factors originating from global climate change and anthropogenic effects. These possible factors were determined as flood (S1), drought (S2), sedimentation (S3), aquatic nutrients (S4), and tourist density (S5). The effects of these factors on a total of four features (C1: water quality, C2: fauna-flora, C3: agricultural areas, and C4: settlements) in the region were evaluated by hypothetical grading based on the literature. According to the hypothesis results obtained by the formula and statistical calculations, it was determined that the flood factor (S1) that will occur due to possible snow melt due to global climate change in the winter recreation areas in the studied region is the most significant factor limiting the sustainable usage of the Basin. For this reason, it has been emphasized in this study that the possibility of regions being exposed to the effects of climate change in the future should be taken into account, especially when planning for winter recreation areas. At the end of this study, it was concluded that the ecological balance analysis of basins is important, especially in terms of ensuring the long-term sustainable use of winter recreation areas.
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    Determination of Snowmelt Water Quality in Outdoor Green Areas: A Case Study at Van Province (Turkey)
    (Istanbul Univ Press, Fac Aquatic Sciences, 2021) Yeler, Okan; Divrik, Menekse Tas; Elipek, Belgin Camur
    Freshwater resources are used for many purposes such as drinking, tap water, industrial usage and agricultural irrigation. Although unpolluted surface waters and groundwater are preferred for the irrigation of landscape plants in parks and gardens, snowmelt water is generally ignored. Like other precipitation types, snow can absorb solid and liquid substances in the atmosphere and it can rain on the earth with its natural chemical structure changed. Also, this water from snowmelt which includes different chemicals can enter surface waters and groundwater resources. In this study, the snowmelt water quality in outdoor green areas of the Van Province was examined. Some physico-chemical features (pH, conductivity, salinity, Ca, Mg, total hardness, Cl, NO3-N, NO2-N, SO4, and PO4) of the snow samples were taken at monthly intervals from six sampling stations between the dates of December 2019 - February 2020. Also, metal ion concentrations (Cd, Pb, As, Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn, B, Se, Ba, Al, Na, Be, V, Mo, Si, K, Sr, Ag, Sb, Tl) and the values of SAR (Sodium Adsorption Ratio) and Na% in some sampling stations, which have intense industrial and settlements located in the area, were determined to evaluate the water quality level of the snowmelt water. While, it was observed that some parameters values exceeded the first quality level when compared with the quality levels of the surface water resources control regulation of Turkey and the rates in irrigation water quality values, a general evaluation of the results showed that snowmelt can be alternative irrigation water for plants. Also, the species of the landscape plants in the studied area were identified and the possible effects of the parameters on the development of the plants were discussed.
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    Spatial and temporal evaluation of the physicochemical quality of domestic/industrial water in the Kirklareli Reservoir (Turkish Thrace)
    (Serbian Chemical Soc, 2022) Guher, Huseyin; Oterler, Burak; Elipek, Belgin Camur; Yeler, Okan; Aydin, Gazel Burcu
    The Kirklareli Reservoir, located in the Meric-Ergene River Basin, is an important drinking/industrial freshwater resource of the Kirklareli Province. In order to ensure the sustainable use of this important reservoir, its current situation should be examined periodically and evaluated by multivariate analyses. For this reason, water samples were taken between the dates April 2018 and February 2019 at monthly intervals from 3 different stations. The data on the environmental and physicochemical variables (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, conductivity, total dissolved solids, chlorophyll-alpha, light permeability, fluoride, chloride, NO2-N, NO3-N, PO4, SO4 and essential/potentially toxic elements) were measured and evaluated according to the classes of surface water quality control regulation of Turkey. The parameters exceeding first-class water quality values (chlorophyll-alpha, pH, NO2-N, chloride, selenium) were mapped in GIS using the spline integration approach. In addition, the sodium absorbtion ratio, Kelly index values and magnesium ratio, were calculated to evaluate the water quality for agricultural irrigation water standards. The water quality of the reservoir was evaluated using multivariance analyses (Bray-Curtis similarity index, correspondence analyses, Pearson correlation index). As a result, it was emphasized that the use of the GIS approach is a potential useful method for monitoring the sustainable water quality of the Kirklareli Reservoir, which was determined to have an oligomesotrophic character.