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    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Cancer Mortality Attributed to Air Pollution in Turkiye in 2019
    (Taiwan Assoc Aerosol Res-Taar, 2023) Yekdes, Didem Han; Yekdes, Ali Cem; Celikkalp, Ulfiye; Serin, Pelin Sari; Caglayan, Mirac; Ekuklu, Galip
    Approximately seven million premature deaths occurred due to several health problems caused by air pollution. In this study, we aimed to calculate the mortality rates of lung cancer and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) attributed to PM2.5 in Turkiye in 2019. The universe of the research consists of the entire Turkiye region. Air quality data was obtained from the official website of the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change of the Republic of Turkiye. Lung cancer and COPD mortality data were collected from the official website of the Turkish Statistical Institute by a special request. Mortality rates attributed to PM2.5 were calculated with the WHO AIRQ+ program, and the monthly percent change (MPC) in air pollution level was computed by the JP regression method. The annual average values of PM2.5 and PM10 for 2019 in Turkiye were calculated to be 28.82 mu g m(-3) and 48.08 mu g m(-3), respectively. The mortality rate attributed to PM2.5 for lung cancer is 15% whereas the mortality rate attributed to PM2.5 for COPD is 22%. Except two Nomenclature d'Unites Territoriales Statistiques (NUTS) regions (TR1, TR7) all other regions have statistically significant one joinpoint. As a conclusion, the PM2.5 average values for 2019 in Turkiye are over the limits for both the national legislation and the World Health Organization (WHO). Taking precautions to control air pollution sources and determination of legitimate national PM2.5 limits should be prioritized. Thus, one out of every six deaths from lung cancer and one out of every five deaths from COPD can be prevented.
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    An Intervention Study for Improve Information and Attitudes Family Health Nurses in a Province About Immunization and Vaccine Hesitancy
    (Aves Yayincilik, Ibrahim Kara, 2022) Yekdes, Didem Han; Marangoz, Bahar; Eskiocak, Muzaffer
    Objective: In our study, it was aimed to provide information training on immunization services, vaccine hesitancy and motivational interview technique to family health staff working in Edirne. Our research is a pre -post type intervention study.Material and Methods: The sample was not selected in the study and 90% of the population was reached (n= 110). In the study, the partici-pants were trained on the issues related to vaccination hesitancy, and the vaccination status of themselves and their relatives after the train-ing, their vaccination hesitancy and change in the unit where they work, their experience of vaccination hesitancy and their knowledge about motivational interviewing, and the change in their readiness in the man-agement of vaccination hesitations cases were evaluated.Results: Of the participants, 92% stated that they had vaccinated in the adult age, 96% of those with children and 70% of those who had el-derly relatives, also vaccinated them. Although the participants did not increase their participation in the vaccination proposal of themselves and their children with the training, the participation in the proposal of vaccination of their elderly relatives increased. Findings that changed significantly with the applied educational intervention; questioning the immunization status, participating in the seasonal flu vaccination recommendation, participating in the recommendation of the physi-cian and family health nurse to follow the vaccination process togeth-er, communication in vaccine refusal, necessity, effectiveness, content and reliability, side effect profile, and feeling ready to explain conspiracy theories increased significantly. Although there was nostatistically signif-icant difference with the training, hesitance from immunity campaigns decreased, while participation in the need for legal regulation increased. Although vaccine hesitancy of the participants did not make a statisti-cally significant difference, it decreased to four out of 12 people after the training (p> 0.05). Of the participants, 45% stated that they encountered vaccine hesitations in the primary health care unit. The most common reason stated in the cases encountered is the side effect profile.Conclusion: With the training intervention, family health workers were informed about vaccination and vaccination hesitations, and it was aimed to increase the capacity of immunization services in primary care. With the training, family health personnel felt significantly more pre-pared to interview vaccine hesitations cases. In-service training should be continued in order to maintain the effectiveness of the intervention and to enable healthcare professionals to manage vaccine refusal or hes-itations more effectively.