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    Exogenous L-Arginine and HDL Can Alter LDL and ox-LDL-Mediated Platelet Activation: Using Platelet P-Selectin Receptor Numbers
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2011) Sener, Azize; Enc, Elif; Ozsavci, Derya; Vanizor-Kural, Birgul; Yanikkaya-Demirel, Gulderen; Oba, Rabia; Uras, Fikriye
    The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of exogenous L-arginine and HDL on LDL and oxidized LDL (ox-LDL)-mediated platelet activation. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-activated platelets have been incubated with lipoproteins with or without L-arginine. P-selectin receptor numbers per platelet have been measured by flow cytometry. After incubation with only L-arginine (without lipoproteins), platelet nitric oxide (NO) levels and P-selectin receptor numbers significantly increased compared to the controls (P < .05). After incubation with LDL or ox-LDL, receptor numbers of P-selectin significantly increased (P < .001). However, P-selectin receptor numbers in platelets treated with L-arginine + LDL or L-arginine + ox-LDL decreased compared to the levels in platelets treated with only LDL or ox-LDL (P < .01, P < .001, respectively). Addition of HDL to L-arginine + ox-LDL caused significant reduction in P-selectin receptor numbers as in the control values (P < .001). We have concluded that L-arginine causes enhanced platelet NO levels and blocks the effects of LDL or ox-LDL on platelet P-selectin receptor numbers and HDL also strengthens this effect of L-arginine.
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    Gas6 and TAM Receptors in Mouse Platelets
    (Amer Soc Hematology, 2012) Kucuk, Bahadir; Bingol-Ozakpinar, Ozlem; Demir, Muzaffer; Uras, Fikriye
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    Growth Arrest-Specific 6 (Gas6) and TAM Receptors in Mouse Platelets
    (Galenos Yayincilik, 2015) Uras, Fikriye; Kucuk, Burhanettin; Ozakpinar, Ozlem Bingol; Demir, Ahmet Muzaffer
    Objective: Growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6) is a newly discovered vitamin K-dependent protein, which is a ligand for TAM receptors [Tyro3 (Sky), Axl, and Mer] from the tyrosine kinase family. Gas6 knockout mice were resistant to venous and arterial thrombosis. There are contradictory reports on the presence of Gas6 and its receptors in mouse platelets. The objective of this study was to investigate whether Gas6 and its receptors were present in mouse platelets or not. Materials and Methods: Specific pathogen-free BALB/c male and female mice of 8-10 weeks old and 25-30 g in weight were anesthetized under light ether anesthesia and blood samples were taken from their hearts. RNAs were isolated from isolated platelets, and then mRNAs encoding Gas6 and TAM receptors were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Protein concentrations of Gas6 and TAM receptors in platelets were measured by ELISA, but not those of Mer, because of the absence of any commercial ELISA kit for mouse specimens. Results: RT-PCR results indicated the presence of mRNAs encoding Gas6 and Mer in mouse platelets. However, although RTPCR reactions were performed at various temperatures and cycles, we could not detect the presence of mRNAs encoding Axl and Tyro3 (Sky). Receptor protein levels of Axl and Tyro3 were below the detection limits of the ELISA method. Conclusion: We found the presence of mRNAs encoding Gas6 and the receptor Mer in mouse platelets, but not Axl and Tyro3. Gas6, Axl, and Tyro3 protein levels were below the detection limits of the ELISA. The presence of mRNA is not obvious evidence of protein expression in platelets that have no nucleus or DNA. Further studies are required to clarify the presence of Gas6/TAM receptors in platelets using real-time PCR and more sensitive immunological methods, and future studies on mechanisms will indicate whether the Gas6/TAM pathway is a strategy for treatment of disorders.