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Öğe Asymptomatic choroid plexus cysts in the lateral ventricles: an incidental finding on diffusion-weighted MRI(Springer-Verlag, 2002) Cakir, B; Karakas, HM; Unlu, E; Tuncbilek, NWe assessed the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the detection of choroid plexus cysts. We reviewed more than 1000 patients who had undergone MRI in a 1-year period. We reviewed echo-planar DWI with b = 1000 S/mm(2), acquired at 1.0 tesla, for any difference in signal intensity which might indicate choroid plexus cysts. On conventional images, all cystic lesions were isointense with cerebrospinal fluid, and 72 cysts could not be identified. On DWI, 90 rounded high-signal foci were detected in 58 patients; 64 cysts were bilateral. Focal ventricular expansion due to large cysts was observed in nine cases. DWI were found to show choroid plexus cysts undetected within the cerebrospinal fluid on conventional images.Öğe Bilateral exostoses of the internal auditory canal(Edizioni Centauro, 2005) Unlu, E; Albayram, S; Argimak, Y; Cakir, BAlthough exostoses of the external auditory canal are not uncommon, those of the internal canal are extremely rare, and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Several of these cases have been verified with radiologic methods. Our aim is to present this rare pathology detected with CT findings associated with literature.Öğe Bone flap prefabrication -: An experimental study in rabbits(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005) Top, H; Aygit, C; Sarikaya, A; Çakir, B; Çakir, B; Unlu, EThe usual method to prefabricate a bone flap is to harvest a nonvascularized bone graft and to implant the artery and vein bundle between segments of bone graft. The basic problem of this method is sacrificing an artery for prefabrication. Another method for creating flap donor sites without using an artery is venous flap prefabrication. There are a few articles describing bone flap prefabrication, and these include implantation of both artery and vein as a vascular bundle. Also, there is no experimental study in the literature using a vein or an arterialized vein pedicle for bone flap prefabrication. As an experimental model for bone flap prefabrication, the rabbit car vascular model was chosen. For the experiments 3 groups were formed. Each group contained 5 rabbits. In the first experimental group a vein was implanted between the halves of bone graft. In the second experimental group an arterialized vein was implanted between the halves of bone graft. To compare the viability of the bone graft of the 2 prefabrication groups, a bone graft was implanted into the subcutaneous pocket of the posterior auricular area in the third group. The authors examined 5 rabbits in each group by microangiography at the end of 6 weeks except for group 3. On microangiographic analysis, groups 1 and 2 showed patency of the vascular pedicle. There was no difference between these 2 groups from the point of view of vascular patency and bone appearance. Bone scintigraphy was performed for 5 rabbits in each group. On bone scintigraphic scans, the bone component of the flaps was visualized in groups 1 and 2, but not in group 3. A quantitative analysis of images was performed by drawing symmetric spherical regions of interest (ROIs) over both the implanted area and cranial bone. The uptake ratios were computed by dividing the mean counts in the implanted ROI by mean counts in the cranial bone ROI. The mean value was 0.86 +/- 0.02 in group 1 and 0.86 +/- 0.04 in group 2. A statistically significant uptake difference was not seen between venous and arterialized venous groups (P < 0.01). Histologic examination was performed all rabbits in each group, and demonstrated that the bony component was viable, showing osteocytes containing lacunae, osteoblasts along bony trabeculae, and vascular channels in groups 1 and 2. In group 3, the bony architecture of the graft was still apparent, but all bone within it was dead. There were no significant microangiographic, histologic, and scintigraphic differences between the 2 experimental methods.Öğe Inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen with EBV positivity: report of a case(Wiley-Blackwell, 2004) Puyan, FO; Bilgi, S; Unlu, E; Yalcin, O; Altaner, S; Demir, M; Cakir, BInflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the spleen is a rare benign tumor with unknown etiology. It causes problems in the diagnosis because of mimicking some hematopoetic malignancies. Here we report the case of a 36-yr-old woman complaining of nausea and insomnia. Laboratory investigations were limited to increase of leukocyte and thrombocyte count. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed circumscribed solid lobulated mass, measuring about 6.5 cm in diameter, located in the dorsal region of the spleen. Splenectomy was performed with the differential diagnosis including hamartoma and lymphoma of the spleen. Histological examination of the sharply demarcated splenic mass consisted of myofibroblasts and admixture of inflammatory cells. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were performed. IPT of the spleen was diagnosed. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was detected in the tumor by in situ hybridization. This rare entity is presented because of its clinical, radiological and pathological difficulties in the differential diagnosis.Öğe MRI findings of Wernicke encephalopathy revisited due to hunger strike(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2006) Unlu, E; Cakir, B; Asil, TBackground and Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings among a group of patients who presented with Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) due to the neurological complications of a long-term hunger strike (HS). Methods: MRI studies also including the fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of six male patients with WE aged from 25 to 38 years (mean age 31 years) were evaluated. Results: In all subjects, T2-weighted sequences, FLAIR and DWI revealed a signal hyperintensity within the posteromedial thalami and surrounding the third ventricle. In particular, on coronal images, the hyperintense areas around the third ventricle showed a suggestive double wing configuration. We observed an increased signal on proton-density and T2-weighted images in the mamillary bodies of three patients. Four patients demonstrated additional hyperintensities within the periaqueductal region and/or the tectal plate. At least one lesion area in five of six patients demonstrated contrast enhancement. Conclusion: The consistent imaging findings of our study suggest that MRI is a reliable means of diagnosing WE. Acute WE is sometimes underdiagnosed, yet early diagnosis and treatment of WE is crucial in order to avoid persistent brain damage. MRI, including postcontrast T1-weighted imaging, DWI beneath standardized T2-weighted imaging, and FLAIR sequences may prove to be a valuable adjunct to clinical diagnosis and to provide additional information in acute and/or subacute WE. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe The role of contrast-enhanced MR angiography in the assessment of recently ruptured intracranial aneurysms: a comparative study(Springer, 2005) Unlu, E; Cakir, B; Gocer, B; Tuncbilek, N; Gedikoglu, MWe evaluated contrast-enhanced MR angiography (MRA) for the identification of recently ruptured cerebral aneurysms. We studied 23 aneurysms in 18 patients (age range 34-72 years) with aneurysms of the anterior (n=17) and posterior (n=6) circulation by comparing 3D time-of-flight (TOF), contrast-enhanced MRA and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). In four of 23 aneurysms, 3D-TOF did not show the lesion. Contrast-enhanced MRA successfully depicted all aneurysms except one. T1 contamination artefacts from subarachnoid or intraparenchymal haemorrhages were evident on the 3D-TOF images in six cases. The artefacts were completely eliminated on the contrast-enhanced MRA images by subtraction of the pre-contrast images. The diagnostic information in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhages (SAHs) provided by contrast-enhanced MRA was comparable to that provided by DSA.Öğe Sequential pulmonary effects of radiotherapy detected by functional and radiological end points in women with breast cancer(Elsevier Science London, 2005) Tokatli, F; Kaya, M; Kocak, Z; Ture, M; Mert, S; Unlu, E; Alkaya, FAims: To determine the pulmonary effects of locoregional irradiation on clinical and sub-clinical radiographic and functional end points in women with breast cancer, and whether the course of these end points is affected by laterality. Materials and methods: Twenty patients (10 irradiated on the left side and 10 irradiated on the right side) were prospectively evaluated for changes in pulmonary function tests, Tc-99m DTPA (diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid) lung clearance scintigraphy and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) at 6, 16 and 52 weeks after radiotherapy. Tc-99m DTPA clearance, expressed as the biological half-time, T (1/2), was computed from the time-activity curves for 10 min for each lung. The irradiated lung volume was calculated for each patient. Results: The mean irradiated lung volume was 6.4% +/- 2 (range 3-11 %) for the entire population. In the whole study population, two (10%) patients, who were irradiated on the left side, had mild symptomatic radiation pneumonitis in the follow-up period. There was a statistically significant gradual reduction in all pulmonary function test values during the follow-up period. For patients irradiated on the left side, Tc-99m DTPA clearance T-1/2 values were statistically significantly decreased during the follow-up period (P = 0.03), but the decrease was not statistically significant for patients irradiated on the right side (P = 0.62). Tc-99m DTPA clearance T-1/2 values were statistically significantly decreased in the irradiated lung compared with the opposite lung, and no improvement was seen at week 52 after radiotherapy. The number of patients with changes on HRCT scans increased after radiotherapy, reaching a maximum at 16 weeks, when 80% of patients had changes. There was subsequent partial recovery 52 weeks after radiotherapy. Conclusion: Locoregional irradiation for breast cancer may cause sub-clinical irreversible impairment of radiological and functional pulmonary parameters. The increase in clearance rate of Tc-99m DTPA may be more prominent for patients with left-sided breast cancer. Tokatli, F. et al. (2005). (C) 2005 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.