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    Effect of middle ear effusion on distortion product otoacoustic emission
    (Elsevier Sci Ireland Ltd, 2004) Tas, A; Yagiz, R; Uzun, C; Adali, MK; Koten, M; Tas, M; Karasalihoglu, AR
    Objective: It is well documented that children, particularly between the ages of about 2 and 6 years, exhibit a high prevalence and incidence of otitis media. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) offer great potential for clinical testing of cochlear function in children. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of middle ear effusion and physical properties of the effusion on the recording of DPOAE. Methods: Nineteen children (38 ears) undergoing myringotomy and/or tympanostomy tube insertion for secretory otitis media were studied. Pre-operative and post-operative first day DPOAE signal to noise ratios were compared. The results were analyzed by paired samples test and ANOVA statistical methods. Results: We were found significant differences between pre-operative and post-operative first day DPOAE signal to noise at 1, 1.5, 2 and 4 kHz. In addition, comparison of the pre-operative DPOAE signal to noise ratio and per-operative middle ear findings are shown significant differences between glue (thick mucous) and the other three groups (mucous, serous and no-effusion groups) at 2 and 4 kHz, and between glue and no effusion group at 8 kHz. Also post-operative DPOAE signal to noise ratio in relation to per-operative middle ear findings were significantly different at 2, 4 and 8 kHz. The most increase of emissions at the post-operative first day was seen in ears with glue effusion at 1 and 2 kHz. Conclusions: Otitis media with effusion can be monitored by DPOAE measurement pre-operatively and post-operatively. In the pre-operative evaluation, glue effusion may cause a reduction in the emissions at 2, 4 and 8 kHz more than the other kind effusions. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Otoacoustic emissions in young adults with a history of otitis media
    (Cambridge Univ Press, 2006) Yilmaz, S; Karasalihoglu, AR; Tas, A; Yagiz, R; Tas, M
    The aim of this study was to investigate otoacoustic emissions in young adults who had a history of otitis media (OM) in childhood and to assess whether a history of OM had an irreversible effect on hearing. We studied 116 cases between 15 and 25 years of age, divided into three groups. Each subject underwent a single examination comprising otoscopy, pure-tone audiometry (PTA), tympanometry, and transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) testing. Subjects in the first and second groups had normal audiometric hearing thresholds and type A tympanograms. The only difference between the first and second group was the presence or absence of a history of OM. The third group consisted of patients diagnosed as having active OM; these patients had poorer hearing thresholds and type B or C tympanograms. After statistical analysis of TEOAE and DPOAE results (one-way analysis of variance test), significant differences were noted between groups. Otoacoustic emission levels were, unsurprisingly, lowest in the third group, as expected. However, the most striking result in the study was that significantly fewer otoacoustic emissions were detected in subjects with a history of OM than in subjects without a history of OM. These findings suggest that OM in childhood may cause minor but irreversible damage to the middle ear or cochlea. Otoacoustic emissions testing can be used to detect this sub-clinical damage.