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    A food-borne outbreak caused by salmonella enteritidis
    (Yonsei Univ Coll Medicine, 2003) Tansel, Ö; Ekuklu, G; Otkun, M; Tatman-Otkun, M; Akata, F; Tugrul, M
    This study was designed to define the epidemiology of a food-borne outbreak caused by Salmonella enteritidis that affected only one squadron of a military battalion located in the vicinity of the city of Edirne in Turkey. The outbreak was analyzed by a standard surveillance form of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The relationship between the eaten foods and cases was analyzed by Fisher's exact chi-square test, and odds ratios were calculated by a case-control study. The outbreak affected 60 of 168 soldiers in the squadron, 16 of whom were hospitalized. S.enteritidis was cultured in stools from 13 of the hospitalized soldiers and from 3 soldiers who had prepared the food. All strains were completely susceptible to antibiotics; their plasmid profiles were also identical. The highest attack rate detected was 55.7% in an omelet eaten 24 hours before (p<0.001). Furthermore, it was the riskiest food according to the case-control study (OR=7.88; 95% CI=3.68-16.89). The food samples were unobtainable because they had been discarded. All of the hospitalized cases recovered, and none of the control cultures of stools yielded the pathogen after three weeks. In conclusion, although our results didn't indicate the exact source of the outbreak microbiologically, the omelet was considered to be the source based on the epidemiological proofs.
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    Prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases produced by nosocomial isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in Trakya University Hospital, Turkey
    (Luigi Ponzio E Figlio, 2003) Akata, F; Tatman-Otkun, M; Özkan, E; Tansel, Ö; Otkun, M; Tugrul, M
    The prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production by 194 nosocomial isolates of Enterobacteriacea recovered from 1995 to 1999 was investigated. The ESBL production was determined by the double-disk synergy test and was confirmed by the E-test ESBL strip. Twenty-three isolates (21 Klebsiella pneumoniae, one Escherichia coli, one Providencia rettgeri) were found as ES-BL-producers (11.8%). These isolates were also usually resistant to non-betalactam antibiotics. Most of them contained a beta-lactamase with a pI of 7.6. All the strains conjugally transferred their ESBLs to recipient E.coli. Contrary to others, ESBL-producing K.pneumoniae strains isolated in 1999 were resistant to ciprofloxacin, and had the identical plasmid profiles suggestive of an outbreak. Ciprofloxacin resistance in these strains could not be transferred. In conclusion, K. pneumoniae was the main ESBL-producing species among nosocomial isolates of Enterobacteriacae in our hospital.
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    Resistance to macrolides in Group A streptococci from the European section of Turkey
    (Elsevier Science Bv, 2002) Akata, F; Öztürk, D; Tansel, Ö; Tatman-Otkun, M; Otkun, M; Fitoussi, F; Bingen, E
    The aim of this study was to determine the susceptibilities to macrolides of Group A streptococcal isolates from the European section of Turkey. In the case of resistant isolates, the patterns and genetic mechanisms of erythromycin resistance were studied. Seven (2.7%) of the 260 isolates were resistant to erythromycin. Four of them showed the M phenotype and harboured mefA genes whereas three isolates showed the inducible macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B resistance phenotype and harboured ermTR genes. In the European section of Turkey, the current resistance rate of Group A streptococci to macrolides remains low. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. and International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.