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    New Records for the Turkish Freshwater Algal Flora in Twenty Five River Basins of Turkiye, Part I: Bacillariophyta
    (Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2023) Coskun, Tolga; Celekli, Abuzer; Solak, Cuneyt Nadir; Sevindik, Tugba Ongun; Demir, Nilsun; Soylu, Elif Neyran; Somek, Hasim
    The present study aimed to contribute to the algal flora of Turkiye by Bacillariophyta (diatom) as new records for the Turkish freshwater. Phytobenthos and phytoplankton were sampled three times (spring, summer, and autumn) a year between 2017 and 2019. Samples of the phytoplankton were collected with a water sampler from three depths, and samples of diatoms were obtained as epiphytic in the littoral zone of the lakes. However, if macrophytes were absent, epilithic or epipelic diatoms were sampled in lakes. Also, samples of phytobenthos were preferred as epilithic in rivers. However, if stones were absent, epiphytic or epipelic diatoms were sampled. During the studied period, a total of 895 diatom taxa were determined as planktonic (378 taxa) and benthic (860 taxa) in lakes and rivers of 25 river basins of Turkiye, and a total of 39 new records were identified. The highest diatom taxa were determined in the Firat-Dicle, Konya, Antalya, and Buyuk Menderes basins with 11, 11, 10, and 6 taxa, respectively. On the other hand, new records were not detected in 10 basins.
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    Research into the Epipelic Diatoms of the Meric and Tunca Rivers and the Application of the Biological Diatom Index in Water Quality Assessment
    (Istanbul Univ Press, Fac Aquatic Sciences, 2020) Tokatli, Cem; Solak, Cuneyt Nadir; Yilmaz, Elif; Atici, Tahir; Dayioglu, Hayri
    The Meric River is one of the longest rivers of the Balkans and the Tunca River is the most significant tributary of the Meric River. In the present study, the epipelic diatoms of the Meric and Tunca Rivers were investigated and the water quality was evaluated from a physicochemical and biological perspective. Epipelic (EPP) diatoms were collected from the middlestream of the Meric River (Edirne Province of Turkey) and from the downstream of the Tunca River (before emptying into the Meric River) and certain physicochemical parameters including dissolved oxygen (DO), oxygen saturation (OS), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, turbidity, nitrate (NO3), nitrite (NO2), ammonium (NH4), phosphate (PO4), sulphate (SO4), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) were measured during the field studies. The Biological Diatom Index (IBD) was used to determine the trophic status of the Meric and Tunca Rivers in terms of EPP diatoms, and Cluster Analysis (CA) was applied to the detected biological data in order to classify the identified diatom taxa in terms of their dominance in the system. According to the results of the physicochemical analysis, the Meric and Tunca Rivers have I. - II. Class water quality in terms of dissolved oxygen, oxygen saturation, pH, EC, TDS, NO3, NH4, SO4 and COD parameters; and have III. - IV. Class water quality in terms of NO2 and PO4 parameters. 24 diatom species were recorded in the Meric River by counting a total of 403 valves and a total of 19 diatom species were identified by counting a total of 409 diatom valves in the Tunca River. Cyclotella atomus Hustedt, Navicula gregaria Donkin, Nitzschia palea (Kutzing) W.Smith and Nitzschia subacicularis Hustedt, were determined as the most dominant species in the Meric River and Navicula erifuga Lange-Bertalot, Navicula gregaria Donkin and Navicula rostellata Kutzing were recorded as the most dominant taxa in the Tunca River. According to the result of the IBD, the investigated rivers were found to be in a meso-eutrophic state and according to the results of CA, three statistical clusters were formed for both rivers, and were named as dominant taxa, frequent taxa and rare taxa.
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    Water Quality Assessment by Means of Bio-Indication: A Case Study of Ergene River Using Biological Diatom Index
    (Istanbul Univ Press, Fac Aquatic Sciences, 2020) Tokatli, Cem; Solak, Cuneyt Nadir; Yilmaz, Elif
    The Ergene River is the most significant fluvial ecosystem located in the Thrace Region of Turkey. But it is being exposed to an intensive organic - inorganic pollution by means of agricultural - industrial applications conducted around its basin. In this research, the epipelic (EPP) diatoms of the Ergene River were investigated and the water quality was evaluated using the determined physical, chemical and biological data. EPP diatom samples were collected from upstream, middlestream and downstream of the Ergene River and certain physicochemical parameters (dissolved oxygen, oxygen saturation, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, salinity, turbidity, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate, sulphate, fluoride, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand and oxidation-reduction potential) were measured during the field - laboratory studies. Also, the Biological Diatom Index (BDI) was used to determine the trophic status of the Ergene River in terms of EPP diatoms. According to the results of the physicochemical analysis, upstream of the Ergene River has Class I - II water quality and middle - downstream of the Ergene River have Class III - IV water quality in general. According to the results of the biological analysis, 24 diatom species were recorded in the upstream samples, 4 diatom species were recorded in the middlestream samples. and 7 diatom species were recorded in the downstream samples. Cymbopleura amphicephala (Nageli) Krammer, Nitzschia umbonata (Ehrenberg) Lange-Bertalot and Nitzschia capitellata Hustedt were determined as the most dominant species in the up - middle - downstream of Ergene River respectively. According to the result of the BDI, the upstream of Ergene River was found to be in an oligotrophic state - has high water quality and the middle - downstream of Ergene River were found to be in a eutrophic state - have poor water quality.