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Öğe Short-term effects of problem-based learning curriculum on students' self-directed skills development(Medicinska Naklada, 2006) Yalcin, BM; Karahan, TF; Karadenizli, D; Sahin, EMAim To investigate short-term effects of problem-based learning on students' scientific thinking, problem solving, and conflict resolution skills. Methods The study was conducted in two medical schools, Ondokuz Mayis University in Samsun and Trakya University in Edirne, Turkey. The two schools used different instructional approaches in educational methods: Ondokuz Mayis University followed a problem-based learning curriculum and Trakya University a traditional didactic curriculum. Three groups of students were included as follows: (a) 83 first-year from Ondokuz Mayis University, who passed an English language proficiency exam; (b) 146 students who failed English language proficiency exam and had to spend a year attending preparatory English language classes before starting their first year at Ondokuz Mayis University (first control group); and (c) 124 students first-year students from Trakya University (second control group). All participants completed the Problem Solving Inventory, Scientific Thinking Skills Questionnaire, and Conflict Resolution Scale at the beginning of the 2003/2004 academic year. The tests were re-administered to same students at the end of the academic year, ie, 10 months later. Results Analysis of covariance revealed no differences in pre-test scores among the problem-based learning, first, and second control groups in their scientific thinking (9.0 +/- 71.2, 8.9 +/- 3.2, and 8.7 +/- 1.3, respectively; P= 0.124), problem solving (132.2 +/- 15.4, 131.2 +/- 16.2, and 132.1 +/- 17.4, respectively; P=0.454), and conflict resolution skills (112.3 +/- 14.6, 109.7 +/- 12.8, and 110.2 +/- 11.4, respectively; P = 0.07). The study group in comparison with first and second control group had significantly better post-test results in scientific thinking (13.9 +/- 3.5, 9.5 +/- 2.2, and 9.1 +/- 2.7, respectively), problem solving (125.5 +/- 12.6, 130.1 +/- 11.2, and 131.1 +/- 15.4, respectively), and conflict resolution skills (125.4 +/- 12.7, 110.9 +/- 23.7, and 111.6 +/- 23.6, respectively) (P < 0.001 for all). The skills of the two control groups did not improve in this time period and their post-test scores were not significantly different. Conclusion Problem-based learning curricula may positively affect some of the self-directed skills, such as scientific thinking, problem solving, and conflict resolution skills of students, even in a short period of time.Öğe Use of quality circles among first year medical students and impact on student satisfaction(E M H Swiss Medical Publishers Ltd, 2002) Akturk, Z; Dagdeviren, N; Sahin, EM; Ozer, CQuality circles in the classroom setting are composed of students who meet regularly to identify, analyse and solve problems related to a course, and implement solutions. We recently instituted quality circles (QCs) among preclinical medical students and evaluated their impact on quality of learning and student satisfaction. Included in the study were all 135 first-year medical students of Trakya University School of Medicine in the 2000-2001 academic year. Six students were selected randomly out of 26 volunteers as circle members. Circle participants met once a week for 14 45-minute sessions to discuss educational issues, propose solutions and prepare a report for submission to the dean. A questionnaire was administered to all first-year students and the replies provided the problem pool from which the QC chose the problem to be addressed. A total of 22 problems concerned education and 28 were identified in the fields of accommodation, social activities and other issues. To evaluate the change in the perceived quality of learning, circle members prepared a questionnaire designed to compare satisfaction at the beginning and end of the study period. This questionnaire was composed of 26 items and evaluated various aspects of education. There was a significant increase in student satisfaction after the one-year study period (p = 0.001). In addition to enhancing quality of learning, quality circles improved student satisfaction as well. More studies should be conducted to test the impact of QCs on education in different settings and different classes. Our results show that the use of quality circles in first-year medical students improves quality of learning and student satisfaction.Öğe Which anthropometric measurements is most closely related to elevated blood pressure?(Oxford Univ Press, 2005) Yalcin, BM; Sahin, EM; Yalcin, EBackground. Epidemiological studies find a progressive increase in the prevalence of elevated blood pressure with increasing adipose tissue. But there is no common opinion about which effectiveness of the anthropometric measurement tools indicating general or android obesity are most important to follow up in patients with elevated blood pressures. Objectives. To identify which anthropometric measurements are most closely related to blood pressure elevation. Methods. A cross-sectional descriptive study of 1727 subjects [894 (50.6%) men and 833 (48.2%) women, aged 18-65 years old] was held in Edirne, Turkey. Each subject's weight, height, waist and hip circumference, triceps skin fold and blood pressures was measured; waist to hip ratio and body mass index were calculated. The relations between blood pressure and different anthropometric variables in both genders were investigated in linear regression models. Results. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were 123.49 +/- 17.60 and 78.79 +/- 10.37 mmHg. According to body mass index 23.7% of the subjects were obese (.29.9 kg/m(2)). When waist circumference cut-off points were compared with waist to hip ratio the android obesity ratio was doubled (32.3% versus 16.6%). 119 subjects (6.8%) were not obese according to body mass index but nonetheless had waist circumference measurements above the cut-off points suggesting a high cardiovascular risk. In the linear regression models waist circumference was found to be an independent risk factor for blood pressure in men; however body mass was more important index and waist circumference somewhat less so for women. Conclusion. In primary care waist circumference should be a useful tool screening for and following android obesity in patients with elevated blood pressure.