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Öğe Acute effects of static and dynamic stretching exercises on lower extremity isokinetic strength in taekwondo athletes(Ios Press, 2018) Alp, Mahmut; Catikkas, Fatih; Kurt, CemBACKGROUND: Traditional warm-up exercises generally consist of submaximal aerobic running. Thereafter static or dynamic stretching exercises appropriate to the field are advised to keep the strength, which is the main component of physical fitness, stabilized. OBJECTIVE: To examine and compare the acute effects of static stretching (SS) and dynamic stretching (DS) on the knee and ankle flexor and extensor concentric (CON) isokinetic strength in well-trained male taekwondo athletes. METHODS: A total of 14 male taekwondo athletes who train at least 4 days a week, 90 min. a day, were tested for knee and ankle flexor and extensor isokinetic peak moment (PM) at 60 and 180 degrees/s before and 4 min. after three different stretching exercise sessions, namely, non-stretching (NS), SS, and DS, with 48-h rest intervals in a randomized crossover study design. RESULTS: None of the exercises: NS, SS and/or DS had any effect on the concentric strength of the knee and ankle flexor and extensor muscles. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that in well-trained taekwondo athletes who are accustomed to static or dynamic movement actions may be less suscePMible to stretching-induced strength deficit. Whether this conclusion may be extended to other sporting events requires further research.Öğe Acute static stretching with different volumes improves hamstring flexibility but not reactive strength index and leg stiffness in well-trained judo athletes(Univ Alicante, 2021) Kurtdere, Imren; Kurt, Cem; Nebioglu, Ilbilge OzsuPurpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different volumes of static stretching exercises (SS) on the reactive strength index (RSI), leg stiffness (K-leg), and hamstring flexibility in well-trained judo athletes. Method: In total, 17 international level judo athletes (11 women and 6 men; age, 20.47 +/- 1.59 years; experience in judo, 11.35 +/- 1.84 years) were recruited for this study. The athletes completed three different SS sessions named low (LV-SS: 3.5 min), moderate (MV-SS: 7 min), and high volumes (HV-SS: 10.5 min), 72 h apart, in a randomized crossover study. Before and after each SS exercise session, hamstring flexibility, RSI and K-leg were evaluated by a sit-and-reach test and a Myotest accelerometric system, respectively. Results: Different volumes of SS exercises improved hamstring flexibility (p < .05); however, no one exercise was superior in improving hamstring flexibility than the other (p > .05). Different volumes of SS exercises neither improved nor reduced RSI and K-leg (p > .05). Conclusion: Judo athletes can use LV-SS, MV-SS, or HV-SS for hamstring flexibility enhancement, and SS exercises can be used as a part of a warm-up session prior to judo training or competition.Öğe Bilateral defisit’in anaerobik güç üretimi üzerindeki etkileri: Derleme(2012) Kurt, CemMaksimal istemli kas kasılması sırasında, homonymous kasların birbirinden bağımsız olarak (unilateral) aktive edilmesiyle elde edilen gücün toplam miktarı, homonymous kasların eş zamanlı olarak (bilateral) aktive edilmesiyle elde edilen güç miktarından daha fazladır. Bu olay “Bilateral Defisit (BLD)” olarak tanımlanmaktadır. BLD’nin nedeni tam olarak açıklanamamasına rağmen harekete katılan yüksek eşikli motor ünite aktivasyonundaki azalma ve transkallozal inhibasyon olduğu varsayılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, BLD’nin anaerobik güç üretimi üzerindeki etkilerinin açıklanmasıdır. Literatür incelemesi sırasında; “Unilateral Hareket (UL), Bilateral Hareket (BL), Bilateral Defisit (BLD), İzometrik El Kavrama Kuvveti, Maksimal İstemli Kas Kasılması ve Spinal Kord Refleksleri “ anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak basılı ve elektronik kaynaklar taranmıştır. Literatürden elde edilen bilgilere göre; belirli bir kassal hareket sırasında bilateral-homonymous (eş zamanlı olarak) kasların aktivasyonuyla üretilen güç miktarı, unilateralnonhomonymous hareketler esnasında üretilen güç kuvveti göz önünde bulundurulduğunda ise dominant tarafta gözlenen BLD oranı % 5-14’ tür. Maksimal istemli dinamik ve izometrik kas kasılması BLD’den büyük oranda etkilenmektedir. BLD’nin dikey sıçrama performansı, reaksiyon zamanı ve sprint performansı üzerindeki etkileri konusunda bilgiler oldukça kısıtlı ve çelişkilidir. Bilateral kas kasılması neredeyse bütün antrenman programlarında yer alır ve BLD’nin olumsuz etkileri özel antrenmanlarla değiştirilerek, bilateral fasilitasyona dönüştürülebilir. Bu durum, çift bacakla sıçrama gibi bilateral eş zamanlı kas aktivitesi içeren hareketlerde avantaj sağlayabilir.Öğe Comparison of the acute effects of static and dynamic stretching exercises on flexibility, agility and anaerobic performance in professional football players(Baycinar Medical Publ-Baycinar Tibbi Yayincilik, 2016) Kurt, Cem; Firtin, IlkayObjectives: In this study, we compared the acute effects of static and dynamic stretching exercises on flexibility, agility, fatigue index and anaerobic performance in professional football players. Patients and methods: Between August 2013 and September 2013, a total of 20 professional football players (mean age, 25.3 +/- 4.3 years; height, 1.83 +/- 0.03 m; body mass, 79.1 +/- 4.1 kg; football experience, 11.1 +/- 2.2 years) completed three different warm-up sessions at 24-hour intervals. First, second and third warmup sessions were named as aerobic running, aerobic running combined with static stretching and aerobic running combined with dynamic stretching, respectively. After each session, the athletes were evaluated in terms of stand and reach flexibility, Illinois agility, and running-based anaerobic sprint tests, respectively. Results: Analysis of variance indicated that aerobic running combined with static stretching increased agility (p <= 0.05) and decreased relative average power, and relative maximum power (p <= 0.05). However, no significant effect of static stretching on minimum power was detected (p>0.05). The fatigue index score was greater following aerobic running and aerobic running combined with dynamic stretching than following aerobic running combined with static stretching. We observed that aerobic running combined with static or dynamic stretching increased the flexibility more effectively than aerobic running alone (p <= 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that football players could prevent possible decreases in anaerobic performance by removing static stretching exercises from warm-up routines used before training and/or competitions. On the other hand, static and/or dynamic stretching exercises can be applied in addition to aerobic running to enhance flexibility.Öğe Diurnal Variations in Well-Trained Semi-Professional Soccer Players’ Performance in the Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test(2021) Kalyon, Zeliha Nur; Kurt, CemObjective: This study examined whether there were diurnal variations in the running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST) performance of semi-professional, male soccer players. Material and Methods: Participants included 25 people whose ages ranged from 18- 36 years old, (mean=20 years); weight ranged from 52-110 kg (mean=72 kg); mean height was 176.92±6.17 cm; experience playing soccer ranged from 5-22 years (mean=8 years); and average weekly training duration was 3-22 h (mean=6 h). Chronotypes were estimated using the Turkish version of the Horn-Östberg Morningness-Eveningness Personality Questionnaire. They performed RAST in a randomized study design using the Newtest Powertimer 300-series photocells twice, on two separate days, one week apart, either in the morning (8.30-10.00 AM) or afternoon (5.00-6.00 PM). Before each of test session; the air temperature and humidity; along with their oral body temperature and 24 h food intake data were recorded. Results? Paired t-tests were used to analyze differences due to the time of day in the RAST variables. Maximum power (p>0.05), minimum power (p>0.05), mean power (p>0.05), fatigue index (p>0.05), air temperature (p>0.05), body temperature, and caloric intake (p>0.05) did not differ in the morning and afternoon. Conclusion: In contrast to previous research, RAST performance showed no diurnal variations. A possible explanation could be attributed to the participants’ chronotypes conforming to neither the morning nor evening types. However, replicating this study with soccer players having an extreme morning or extreme evening chronotypes may lead to different results.Öğe The effect of static and dynamic core exercises on dynamic balance, spinal stability, and hip mobility in female office workers(Baycinar Medical Publ-Baycinar Tibbi Yayincilik, 2020) Orgun, Emre; Kurt, Cem; Ozsu, IlbilgeObjectives: This study aims to compare the effect of static and dynamic core exercises in terms of dynamic balance, spinal stability, and hip mobility in female office workers. Patients and methods: Between May 2018 and June 2018, a total of 34 women (mean age 36.4 +/- 6.5 years; range, 28 to 54 years) who worked for a bank and exercised in the fitness center of the work place were recruited. The women were divided into two groups including 17 women in each as static and dynamic core groups and administered sessions of 20 to 30 min twice a week for six weeks. Both groups were tested for dynamic balance (Y-balance test), spinal stability (functional reach test), and hip mobility (active flexion and extension) before and after six weeks of exercise. Results: A statistically significant improvement was found in both groups between the pre- and post-test results in terms of spinal stability, hip mobility, and dynamic balance (p<0.05). The only exception was the right and left leg anterior balance in the static core group. Dynamic core exercises seemed to be more effective than static core exercises in improving the right and left leg anterior balance. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of spinal stability, hip mobility, and dynamic balance according to the mean absolute change (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our study results indicate that both types of exercises are effective in improving dynamic balance, spinal stability, and hip mobility in female office workers. Therefore, the expected benefits from core exercises are to enhance dynamic balance, spinal stability, and hip mobility. Female workers can perform both types of exercises safely and effectively.Öğe Effectiveness of Vertical versus Horizontal Plyometric Training on Stretch-Shortening Cycle Performance Enhancement in Adolescent Soccer Players(Mdpi, 2023) Kurt, Cem; Canli, Umut; Erdas, Sadullah Erdal; Poli, Luca; Carvutto, Roberto; Cataldi, Stefania; Fischetti, FrancescoPlyometric exercise is a major tool for improving explosive actions. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of a vertical and horizontal plyometric training program on stretch-shortening performance variables in adolescent soccer players. Thirty-two male soccer players (aged 12.09 +/- 0.89 years, with soccer experience 5.37 +/- 1.58 years) were divided into horizontal plyometric, vertical plyometric, or control groups. The horizontal and vertical plyometric groups participated in a 6-week training program that was performed twice per week, with a 48-h interval, in conjunction with regular soccer training. The control group participated only in regular soccer training. Vertical jump height, reactive strength index, leg stiffness, ground contact time, standing long jump distance, agility, and 10 and 20 m sprint performances were tested as stretch-shortening performance variables of the participants. Stretch-shortening performance variables were assessed before and after completion of the training program. The results showed that either horizontal or vertical plyometric training had no effect on VJH, RSI, GCT, or Kleg performance (F = 2.14, 1.32, 0.66, 1.03; p > 0.05). Furthermore, there was no effect on SLJ, 10 m sprint, 20 m sprint, or agility performance (F = 2.06, 0.14, 0.06, 0.27; p > 0.05). A 6-week horizontal or vertical plyometric intervention was found to be insufficient to elicit stretchshortening performance enhancement in adolescent male soccer players. Although there was no performance change in any group, it was observed that the players enjoyed plyometric training. Therefore, coaches could safely use plyometric exercises to design enjoyable training programs.Öğe The effects of different stretching and warm-up exercise protocols on 50-meter swimming performance in sub-elite women swimmers(Ios Press, 2019) Kafkas, Armagan; Eken, Ozgur; Kurt, Cem; Kafkas, M. EminBACKGROUND: Warm up exercises are common practice before training and competition in almost every sport. Although, swimming is a popular sport throughout the world, studies on the effects of warm-up are scarce. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of different stretching warm-up and exercise protocols on swim performance. METHODS: Fourteen sub-elite college women swimmers volunteered to participate in the study. The four stretching and warmup protocols they followed were; (I) without stretching (WS); (II) static stretch (SS); (III) in-water (IW); and (IV) dry land (DL). RESULTS: There was a significant main effect for 50-meter front crawl (F = 70,453; p = 0.00) and breaststroke swimming performances (F = 145.504; p = 0.000). The best 50-meter front crawl and breaststroke performance detected immediately after IW was 28.1 and next, 39.9 seconds. Pairwise comparison indicated that the best 50-meter front crawl performance monitored after IW protocol was 28.0 +/- 2.9 (p = 0.000) compared with that after WS - 29.8 +/- 2.3 (p = 0.000) and after SS - 30.7 +/- 2.2 (p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: Pre-event low-intensity IW warm-ups may be optimal for 50-meter front crawl and breaststroke swimming performance.Öğe Effects of traditional stretching versus self-myofascial release warm-up on physical performance in well-trained female athletes(Jmni, 2023) Kurt, Cem; Gurol, Baris; Nebioglu, Lbilge OzsuObjective: The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of self-myofascial release (SMR) versus traditional stretching used as a part of warm-up on physical performance in well-trained female athletes. Methods: Twenty-three participants (age, 21.8 +/- 1.73 years; experience in sport, 114.8 +/- 30.5 months) were recruited. Isokinetic peak torque and muscle endurance ratio were measured during knee extension and flexion at 60 degrees/s and 180 degrees/s. Jump height, reactive strength index, and leg stiffness were measured using a jump mat during a counter-movement jump. Hamstring flexibility was measured using a sit-and-reach test. Three interventions were performed by all athletes randomly within 72 hours intervals. Results: The jump height and hamstring flexibility test scores improved significantly more after dynamic stretching (DS) as compared to SMR and static stretching (SS). The DS and SMR exercises were more effective than the SS exercises in terms of right and left knee muscle isokinetic strength both at 60 degrees/s, and 180 degrees/s. With regard to keeping muscular endurance ratio (%), SS exercises were found more effective than DS and SMR exercises for only the right knee at 180 degrees/s, but not left knee muscle. Conclusion: Dynamic stretching and SMR showed better flexibility, strength, and jump performance than SS. Trainers and players may replace SS with DS and SMR to acutely improve muscle power, strength, and flexibility.Öğe Effects of Upper Body Anthropometrics and Handgrip Strength on Ball Velocity in Female Handball Players(2021) Canlı, Umut; Kurt, Cem; Atalağ, OzanThe aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between ball velocity thrown from two different positions, parameters of upper body anthropometrics and hand grip strength as a marker of upper body strength. Twelve well-trained female handball players (age, 22.47±4.57 years; body mass, 66.70±11.05 kg; height, 167.33±7.41 cm; handball experience, 9.91±3.47 years), playing in a team that competes in the first division of the Handball League of Turkey joined this study. Body weight, height, body mass index (BMI), body fat percent and trunk muscle mass, hand length and breadth, sitting height, arm span index and dominant hand grip strength measured by using a stadiometer, bioelectric impedance device, anthropometric set, fiberglass measuring tape and hand grip dynamometer respectively. Ball velocity was measured with a speed radar for both throwing positions (throws are made from a sitting position either with a non-throwing hand on the floor (RP) or non-throwing arm free (RS). According to hierarchical multiple regression analysis carried out; the original contribution of fat percentage, trunk muscle mass, BMI and handgrip strength included in the model in the first step is not significant within the model and both RP and RS were not able to predict ball velocity (p>0.05). It was also determined that hand length, hand breadth, sitting height and arm span index which were included in the model in the second step were not significant and did not predict the ball velocity for both RP and RS as well (p>0.05). However, there was a positive relationship between trunk muscle mass and ball velocity with RP (r = 0.831; p<0.05). No relationship was found between other variables and ball velocity for both RP and RS. According to the results of the study, handball players and their coaches might consider designing resistance training programs that put an emphasis on increasing trunk muscle mass to increase the ball velocity during over arm throws.Öğe Ergen sporcu kızlarda egzersiz yoğunluğu ve öznel uyku kalitesi ilişkisi(2005) Vardar, Selma Arzu; Vardar, Erdal; Kurt, Cem; Öztürk, LeventAmaç: Bu çalışmada ergen sporcu kızların haftalık egzersiz yoğunluğunun öznel uyku kalitesi üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya farklı spor dallarından 16-20 yaş arasında 108 sporcu kız ve kontrol grubu olarak 40 kız alındı. Sporcu grup, yüksek-egzersiz (EE) ve düşük-egzersiz (ee) grubuna ayrıldı. Haftada sekiz saat egzersiz, yüksek ve düşük düzey egzersiz gruplarının belirlenmesinde kesme değeri olarak alındı. Benzer yaşta ve egzersiz yapmayanlar ise kontrol grubunu (kk) oluşturdu. Tüm katılımcılar ayrıntılı genel bilgi formunun yanı sıra, uyku kalitesini değerlendirmek üzere Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi Ölçeği (PUKÖ) ve kaygı düzeylerini incelemek amacıyla Spielberger Durumluk ve Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeğini doldurdu. Toplam PUKÖ skoru 5 ve altında olanlar uyku kalitesi “iyi”, 5’in üzerinde olanlar ise uyku kalitesi “kötü” olarak belirlendi. Sonuçlar: EE, ee ve kk grupları yaş ortalamaları ve vücut kitle indeksi ortalamaları bakımından benzer özellikler gösterdi. Gruplar arasında toplam PUKİ skoru istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermedi. Ancak, grupların PUKİ kullanılarak değerlendirilmesi ile yedi bileşenden elde edilen skorlarının karşılaştırılmasında uyku süresi EE ve ee gruplarında, kk grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu (sırasıyla 479±92, 470±73 ve 424±56 dakika, p<0.01). Spor yapmayan kk grubunun gündüz işlev bozukluğu skoru, EE ve ee gruplarına göre daha yüksek bulundu (sırasıyla 1.64±0.96, 1.16±0.90 ve 0.84±0.80, p<0.01). Tartışma: Çalışmamızda, haftalık egzersiz yoğunluğu farklı olan ergen sporcu kızların öznel uyku kalitesinin benzer olduğu görüldü. Bununla birlikte, egzersiz yapanlarda uyku süresinin kontrol grubuna göre daha uzun olduğu ve gündüz işlev bozukluğunun egzersiz süresi az olan grupta en düşük olduğu görüldü.Öğe Exploring the Relationship Between Motor Competence and Physical Performance in Preschool Children: A Cross-Sectional Study(Federacion Espanola Asoc Docentes Educacion Fisica-Feadef, 2024) Canli, Umut; Kurt, Cem; Prieto-Gonzalez, PabloObjectives: Motor competence (MC) and physical fitness are important factors for a healthy life over time. This study aimed to assess the association between motor competence and physical performance in children aged 4-6 years. Methods: One hundred thirty-nine children (78 boys and 61 girls) were recruited for the study from a preschool in Tekirdag province, Turkey. Their motor competence was evaluated by the K & ouml;rperkoordinationstest f & uuml;r Kinder (KTK+3) test battery combined with an alternating one-handed ball-catching and -throwing task on the first day of the study. On the second day of the study, the children underwent a series of performance tests, including the static and dynamic balance test, pro-agility test, and countermovement jump test. Results: Partial correlation analyses showed no association between motor competence and any performance test results. Fisher's r-to-z analysis test also indicated that gender did not differentiate the results in terms of the potential association between motor competence and performance test results. Conclusion: No significant association was found between motor competence and physical performance in children aged 4-6 years. Gender did not influence this relationship either. These findings suggest that further research with larger and more diverse samples is needed to better understand the link between motor competence and physical performance in early childhood.Öğe Farklı Germe Egzersizi Protokollerinin Bazı Anaerobik Motorik Testler Üzerine Akut Etkileri(2019) Aydın, Yalçın; Kafkas, Armağan; Çınarlı, Fahri Safa; Eken, Özgür; Kurt, Cem; Kafkas, Muhammed EminAmaç: Bu çalışmada farklı germe egzersizi protokollerinin bazı anaerobik motoriktestler üzerine akut etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlandı.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırmaya en az üç yıldır düzenli spor yapan 15 erkekdenek, (yaş: 21.8±1.4 yıl, boy 1.77±0.32 m, vücut ağırlığı: 69.1±6.7 kg, vücut kütleindeksi (VKİ) 21.9±2.0 kg/m2 ve vücut yağ oranları (VYO) 10.9±4.0 %) gönüllü olarakkatıldı. Gönüllülere birbirini izlemeyen günlerde beş farklı germe egzersizi protokolü uygulandı. Germe egzersizi protokolleriolarak 5 dk hafif tempo koşu (GUE), 5 dk hafif tempo koşu ve statik germe egzersizi (SG), 5 dk hafif tempo koşu vedinamik germe egzersizi (DG), 5 dk hafif tempo koşu ve statik germe egzersizi + dinamik germe egzersizi (SDG), 5 dkhafif tempo koşu ve dinamik germe egzersizi + statik germe egzersizi (DSG) uygulandı. Farklı germe egzersiziprotokolleri arasındaki anlamlılık sınaması için tekrarlayan ölçümlü (repeated) ANOVA kullanıldı.Bulgular: Farklı germe egzersizi protokollerinin dikey sıçrama, zirve güç, ortalama güç, çeviklik performansısonuçları üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi olmadığı saptandı (p>0.05). Germe egzersizi protokollerinegöre, katılımcıların 10m, 20m ve 30m doğrusal koşu testi sonuçları istatistiksel olarak farklı (sırasıyla p<0.001, p<0.001ve p<0.01) anlamlı bulundu.Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre; farklı germe egzersizi protokollerinin ilgili motor performansparametreleri açısından farklı etkilere sahip olduğu görüldü. Antrenör ve sporculara 10m, 20m ve 30m doğrusal koşuperformansından daha çok verim alabilmeleri amacıyla öncesinde dinamik germe egzersizi uygulamaları önerilebilir.Öğe Futbolda koşuya dayalı anaerobik sprint testi ile belirlenen anaerobik performansta diurnal varyasyonlar(Sağlık Bilimleri, 2020) Kalyon, Zeliha Nur; Kurt, CemBu çalışmanın amacı iyi antrenmanlı yarı-profesyonel futbolcuların Koşu Temelli Anaerobik Sürat test performanslarında diurnal varyasyonların olup-olmadığını değerlendirmektir. Çalışmaya katılan 25 futbolcunun yaş aralıkları 18-36 yıl iken, ortalama yaşları 20 yıl’dır. Ortalama ağırlıkları 72 (52-110) kg; ortalama boyları: 176.92±6.17 cm; ortalama futbol tecrübeleri 8 (5-22) yıl ve ortalama haftalık antrenman süreleri de 6 (3-22) saattir. Futbolcuların kronotipleri, Horn-Östberg’in sabahçıl ve akşamcıl tipleri belirleme anket formu kullanılarak ne akşamcıl ne de sabahçıl (ara tip) olarak belirlendi. Futbolcular, 1 hafta arayla, 2 farklı günde olmak üzere, 2 kez ya sabah (8.30-10.00) ya da öğleden sonra 17.00-18.00) Newtest Powertimer 300 serisi fotosel kullanılarak Randomize crossover çalışma dizaynında Koşuya Temelli Anaerobik Sürat test için test edildi. Her test seansı öncesi, hava sıcaklığı ve nem oranı ile oral vücut sıcaklığı, 24 saatlik besin kayıtları kaydedildi. Futbolcuların Koşu Temelli Anaerobik Sürat Test değişkenlerinde diurnal varyasyonları analiz etmek için eşleştirilmiş örneklemler için t-Testi kullanıldı. Maksimum güç (Pmaks) (p>0.05), minimum güç (Pmin) (p>0.05), ortalama güç (Portalama) (p>0.05), yorgunluk indeksi (FI) (p>0.05), hava sıcaklığı (p>0.05), vücut sıcaklığı ve kalori alımları (p>0.05) sabah ve akşam farklı değildi. Önceki araştırmaların aksine, futbolcuların Koşuya Dayalı Anaerobik Sprint test performanslarında diurnal varyasyon belirlenmedi. Bu durumun olası sebebi, katılımcıların kronotiplerinin ne sabahçıl ne de akşamcıl (ara tip) olmasına bağlandı. Bununla birlikte, bu çalışmanın sabahçıl ve ya akşamcıl kronotipli futbolcularla tekrarlanması farklı sonuçların elde edilmesini sebep olabilir.Öğe Hentbol oyuncularında masaj uygulamasının laktat eliminasyonu üzerine etkisi(2010) Öztürk, Mesut; Toksöz, İlhan; Kurt, CemAmaç: Çalışmanın amacı, akut masaj uygulamasının laktat eliminasyonu üzerindeki etkisininaraştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Büyük erkekler hentbol ligine katılan (2005-2006, Edirne), 4farklı takımdan 28 hentbol oyuncusu rastgele yöntemle farklı 2 gruba ayrıldı (kontrol grubu; n=16, yaş18,87± 4,03 yıl, vücut ağırlığı 79,06±19,95 kg ve boy uzunluğu 178,18±7,81 cm ve masaj grubu;n=12, yaş 25,50± 6,18, vücut ağırlığı 83,25 ±14,87 kg ve boy uzunluğu 178,75 ±4,00 cm). Kontrolgrubu için; maç öncesi, maçtan hemen sonra ve maçtan 30 dakika sonra, Masaj grubu içinse; maçöncesi, maçtan hemen sonra ve 8 dakikalık masajın ardından antekübital ven den kan alınarak laktatdeğerlendirildi. Laktat ölçümü spektrofotometrik yöntemle yapıldı (BOEKI Prestige 24i oto analizör,Tokyo). Bulgular: Kontrol grubunun maç öncesi ve maçtan 30 dakika sonraki laktat değerlerisırasıyla; 26,62 ± 4,80 mg/dl ve 22,71±6,63 mg/dl olarak bulundu. Masaj grubunun ise maç öncesi vemasajdan sonraki laktat değerleri sırasıyla 29,35±7,73 mg/dl ve 27.12±7.93 mg/dl olarak tespit edildi.Masaj grubunun; masajdan sonraki laktat değeri ile kontrol grubunun 30 dakikalık pasif dinlenmesininardından elde edilen laktat değerleri arasında istatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyinde farklılık tespit edildi(p 0,05). Sonuç:Bu verilere göre; amatör hetbolcularda maçın ardından uygulanan 8 dakikalık klasik masaj uygulamasının laktat eliminasyonu hızlandırarak rejenerasyona yardımcı olduğunu söyleyebiliriz.Öğe Hipertrofi: Rasyonel Hücresel Mekanizmalar(2019) Kafkas, M. Emin; Kurt, CemGünümüzde hipertrofi, vücut geliştirme sporu ile uğraşan amatörler/profesyoneller için planlanmış ilave kas kütlesi kazanımı ile ilişkilendirilmesine rağmen, sportif performansa olan katkılarından dolayı performans sporcuları ve genel sağlık düzeylerini korumak/geliştirmek isteyenler içinde çok önemlidir. Literatür incelendiğinde, araştırmalar, bireylerin aynı çalışma yoğunluğuna sahipolmalarına rağmen farklı iskelet-kas hipertrofisine sahip olduklarını rapor etmektedir. Hipertrofikyanıta neden olan fizyolojik yol ve yolakların ne olduğu uzun yıllardır merak konusu olmuştur.Özellikle ülkemiz açısından, bu bağlamda herhangi bir araştırmanın yapılmamış olması dikkat çekicidir. Yaklaşık 2 milyona yakın fitness katılımcısının olduğu düşünüldüğünde, ayrıca hipertrofikonusu üzerine çalışma yürüten akademisyenler, antrenörler, öğrenciler ve sporcular için hipertrofinin olası hücresel mekanizmalarının bilinmesi ve anlaşılması son derece önemli katkılar sunacaktır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada, son yıllarda hipertrofik yanıtın muhtemel hücresel mekanizmalarıolan; uydu hücre proliferasyonu, sitokin ve endokrin cevaplar hakkında kanıta dayalı cevaplar verilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, akut ve kronik kuvvet antrenmanları sonrası görülen hipertrofik yanıtın rasyonel hücresel mekanizmalarının belirlenmeye çalışılması amaçlanmıştır.Öğe Influence of traditional and cluster set plyometric warm-ups on reactive strength index and leg stiffness in male rugby players(Ios Press, 2018) Kurt, Cem; Kafkas, M. Emin; Kurtdere, Imren; Selalmaz, OkanBACKGROUND: Cluster set plyometrics (CSP) promise greater muscular performance than traditional set plyometrics (TSP). OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the influence of TSP and CSP warm-ups via bounce drop jump (BDJ) on reactive strength index (RSI), leg stiffness (K-leg), ground contact time (CT), and jump height (JH). METHODS: Thirteen male rugby players (age, 20.92 +/- 2.25 years; body mass, 82.88 +/- 9.22 kg; rugby experience, 3.61 +/- 3.04 years; training volume, 10.69 +/- 3.75 h/week) were recruited for this study from two rugby clubs competing in the Second League in Turkey. The players completed 3 different set configurations of equal jump volume 72 h apart in a randomized, balanced order. The sets configurations were TSP (2 x 10 jump with 90 s interval), CSP-1 (4 x 5 jump with 30 s interval), and CSP-2 (10 x 2 jump with 10 s interval). Pre and post values of RSI, K-leg, CT, and JH on each session were determined via the Myotest Pro system. RESULTS: Statistically significant changes were not found between pre- and post-values of RSI, K-leg, CT, and JH in each session, either positive or negative (p > 0.05), as well as among the three different set configurations in any of the outcome variables according to post-results (p > 0.05). These findings indicated that low-volume TSP and CSP bounce drop jump had no effect on RSI, K-leg, CT, and JH in male rugby players. CONCLUSIONS: Set configurations, jump volume, and intensity applied in this study may be too low to change muscle-tendon complex (MTC) stiffness and produce a post-activation potentiation (PAP) effect. Further research, with larger samples, is needed to determine which set configurations, jump volume (> 20 jumps/session), and intensity (box height > 30 cm) are the best option for enhancement of RSI, K-leg, CT, and JH.Öğe Investigation of the Relationships between Isokinetic Leg Strength, Sprint and Agility Performance in Collegiate American Football Players(2020) Tatlıcıoğlu, Enver; Atalağ, Ozan; Kurt, Cem; Acar, Mustafa FeritObjective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship betweenabsolute isokinetic knee flexion and extension strength, and sprint and agilityperformance in collegiate male American Football players.Materials and Methods: Twenty-six collegiate male players aged 19-27 years withat least a year of experience in playing American Football participated in the study. Theplayers were tested for absolute isokinetic knee flexion and extension peak torque,sprint, and agility performance over two different days with at least 72-hour rest intervalbetween tests. Knee flexion and extension peak torque were measured by means of anisokinetic dynamometer (HUMAC NORM, USA) at angular velocities of 60°·s-1, 150°·s-1,and 300°·s-1 for both knees. Sprint performance was evaluated with 40-yard dash andagility was evaluated with pro-agility tests, respectively.Results: The study demonstrated that 40-yard dash and pro-agility test results did notcorrelate with any measures of isokinetic knee flexion and extension peak torque(p>0.05).Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that isokinetic knee flexion andextension peak torque are not good predictors of sprint and agility performance in malecollegiate American Football players. Additional research that will also evaluate relative(Nm.kg-1) isokinetic strength may be required to elucidate whether a correlationbetween isokinetic strength, and sprint and agility performance or perhaps othermeasures of performance exist for American Football players.Öğe Kinanthropometric Attributes of Young Male Combat Sports Athletes(Collegium Antropologicum, 2013) Catikkas, Fatih; Kurt, Cem; Atalag, OzanAlthough there are enough studies concerning the kinanthropometric attributes of players of sports such as football, basketball, or volleyball in Turkey, there are not enough studies on the same for combat sports. Hence, our aim is to assess the kinanthropometric attributes of different combat sports like karate, taekwondo, judo and kickboxing. The present study included 48 national level male athletes from four different combat sports (age, 20.3 (3.19) years; number of years playing the sport, 8.33 (4.59); height, 174.3 (7.15) cm; weight, 67.35 (10.55 kg). Skinfold thickness was measured with a skinfold caliper (Holtain Ltd., UK), and Yuhazs formula was used to calculate the body fat percentage. Somatotype assessment was carried out with a computer program (Sweat Technology Trial Version, South Australia). Width measurements were obtained with a slide caliper (HLT-100, Holtain Ltd.), and girth measurements were obtained with a non-flexible tape measure. The data obtained were analyzed with the computer program SPSS 17.0 in terms of the SD. The findings were as follows: body mass index (BMI), 22.00 (2.66) kg/m(2); body fat percentage, 12.20% (3.07%); endomorphic component, 2.9 (1.30); mesomorphic component, 4.25 (1.30); and ectomorphic component, 3.10 (1.30). The cormic index was 51.99% (1.88%); Monourier index, 92.39% (4.47%); Acromio-iliac index, 60.87% (6.61%); Martine index, 6.29% (0.70%); Biacromial index, 22.58% (0.99%); and hip index, 13.91% (0.86%). The mesomorphic component was found to be dominant in our study. Although BMIs were found to be normal, body fat percentages were low. According to body proportions, the athletes who participated in this study had wide shoulders, narrow hips, and medium-sized trunks.Öğe Mücadele Sporlarında Görsel ve İşitsel Basit Reaksiyon Zamanının Belirlenmesinde El Tercihinin Etkisi(2011) Çatıkkaş, Fatih; Kurt, Cem; Özkaya, GüvenÇalışmanın amacı; mücadele sporcularının görsel ve işitsel basit reaksiyon zamanlarının belirlenmesi ve reaksiyon zamanlarının el tercihinden etkilenip etkilenmediğinin tespit edilmesidir.Çalışmaya; boks, judo, karate, taekwondo, aikido, kick boks branşlarından sağ elini kullanan 91 erkek sporcu (yaş:22.89±5.37 yıl, boy:1.74±0.51 cm., vücut ağırlığı: 73.13±7.54 kg., BMI:24.02±1.95 kg/m2) katıldı. Sporcuların reaksiyon zamanları saniyenin 1/1000'i şeklinde ölçüm yapan New test powertimer raeksiyometre ile single-R test olarak ölçüldü. Elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizi SPSS 13.0 istatistik paket programında yapıldı. Boks, karate, aikido, kick boks ve taekwondo sporcularının sağ ve sol el, görsel ve işitsel reaksiyon zamanları açısından istatistiksel düzeyde anlamlı farklılık elde edilmedi. Judo sporcularının; sağ el işitsel reaksiyon zamanı 160.86±14.75 ms., sol el işitsel reaksiyon zamanı 147.40±21.52 ms. olarak ölçüldü. Judocuların sağ ve sol el ışık reaksiyon zamanları arasında sol el lehine p?0.05 düzeyinde istatistiksel anlamlılık tespit edildi. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; mücadele sporcularında dominant el ile diğer el arasında görsel ve işitsel uyaranlara cevap zamanı arasında fark yoktur