Yazar "Kok, Suleyman" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Characterization of Calpastatin Gene in Purebred and Crossbred Turkish Grey Steppe Cattle
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2013) Kok, Suleyman; Atalay, Sertac; Savasci, Mustafa; Eken, Hasan Semih
    Calpastatin (CAST) is a specific inhibitor of calcium-dependent neutral protease mu-calpain found in mammalian tissues. The genetic variants in the bovine CAST gene were analysed by using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The animal material of the study consisted of 132 bulls and heifers in Turkish Grey steppe cattle and Turkish Grey steppe x Brown Swiss crossbreds. C and G alleles are characterized by CAST/RsaI polymorphism were detected in the sample of animals were studied. Allele frequency C was significantly frequent in the crossbred group compared to the pure Turkish Grey steppe animals (P<0.05). In the total samples of animals, the average allele frequency C was 56.1%. Genotypic frequencies were estimated as 0.257, 0.499 and 0.243 in the purebred Turkish Grey steppe, and 0.388, 0.470 and 0.142 in the Turkish Grey steppe x Brown Swiss crossbred population for genotypes CC, CG and GG, respectively. As a result, genotypic distributions were equilibrium in both pure and crossbred examples of Turkish Grey steppe cattle.
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    Comparison of Genetic Diversity between the Ex-Situ Conservation Herd and Smallholders of Turkish Grey Cattle
    (Zoological Soc Pakistan, 2017) Kok, Suleyman
    Turkish grey cattle (TGC) are facing the danger of extinction. Intensive breeding program has mainly been used for purebred TGC that are under the conservation of Bandirma Livestock Research Institute (BLRE) ex-situ program. This study aims to compare 3 SNP of the genetic features of purebred TGC that are under the conservation of ex-situ (51 cattle) program with the ones raised by the smallholders (79 cattle) in the villages. According to the estimated average heterozygosity values for ex-situ breeding program and smallholders in the villages, the difference between the cattle were found meaningful (P<0.05). The observed average heterozygosity (H-o) value was calculated as 0.4077 +/- 0.1922, while the expected heterozygosity (H-e) value was found 0.3909 +/- 0.1663. The research findings show that the difference between the two TGC groups in terms of Calpastatin gene (CAST) loci (P<0.01) and Calpain gene (CAPN1) loci (P<0.05), gene assortment was found to be meaningful and these are incompatible along with Hardy-Weinberg theory. In addition, significance check was done for the expected heterozygosity results for the two TGC groups (BLRE ex-situ and the smallholders in the villages). For the F-ts value, the difference was significant for CAPN1 316 loci (P<0.001) and CAST loci (P<0.05) and non-balanced but the CAPN1 4751 loci (P>0.05) which did not display a significant difference. The F-ts inbreeding coefficients being negative in the sample populations for CAST loci imply heterogeneity in CAST loci (P<0.001). The effective allele number and allele density are other criteria to show the spatial heterogeneity in a population. The average effective allele number (n(e)) per loci for TGC samples from the smallholders in the villages, TGC ex-situ conservation herd and the total population sample were calculated as 1.7379 +/- 0.3559, 1.6026 +/- 0.4422 and 1.7103 +/- 0.4018, respectively.
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    Effects of leptin and thyroglobulin gene polymorphisms on beef quality in Holstein breed bulls in Turkey
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2021) Kok, Suleyman; Vapur, Guldan
    The relationship between three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers and the beef quality of Turkish Holstein bulls (THB) was investigated. The markers in leptin (LEP) gene (E2JW and E2FB) and thyroglobulin (TG) gene (C422T) were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in one hundred THB. Texture, pH, and marbling score (MS) are three of the most dominating determinants of meat quality. In THB, the relationship between 3 SNPs and beef quality characteristics of musculus longissimus dorsi (MLD) was investigated. The mean pH value of the raw beef samples with the TG G422T CC genotype was 5.33 +/- 0.30 on day 7 and 5.31 +/- 0.32 on day 14. The mean pH value of the raw beef samples with the LEP E2JW AA and AT genotypes measured on day 7 and day 14 (P < 0.05) was significantly different. The beef of THB with the AA and AT genotypes seemed to have different texture values compared to cooked beef samples of the TT genotype on day 7 (P < 0.05). There were no associations between pH value, Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) scores, and MS in the E2FB genotypes. Regarding the LEP E2JW/ LEP E2FB/TG C422T markers, THB with the AA/CT/CC genotypes were found to produce beef of higher quality compared to other genotypes.
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    The effects of polymorphisms in the CX3CR1 gene on the development of canine hip dysplasia
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Atalay, Sertac; Kok, Suleyman
    Hip dysplasia, caused by both environmental and genetic components, is a common disorder characterized by hip instability in humans and dogs. Unfortunately, the genetic mechanisms that cause the disease in both have not been fully determined. The aim of this study was polymorphisms in the exon 2 and 3' UTR regions of the CX3CR1 gene were determined and their effects on the development of Canine Hip Dysplasia (CHD) in three dog breeds (German Shepherd, Belgian Malinois, Labrador Retriever). For this purpose, a case -control study was designed with 172 dogs in Dog Breeding and Training Center (DBTC) in Turkey. Each dog was evaluated according to the Norberg angle by the DBTC veterinarians. One hundred and seventeen dogs (32 German Shepherds, 49 Belgian Malinois, 36 Labrador Retrievers) classified as normal were included in the control group, and fifty - five dogs (24 German Shepherds, 14 Belgian Malinois, 17 Labrador Retrievers) diagnosed with CHD were included in the case group. Molecular genetic analyzes were performed with blood samples taken from each dog. Seven previously identified SNPs (g.8938599_8938600insCC, g.8937121G>A, g.8937137A>G, g.8937319T>G, g.8937441T>C, g.8937450A>G, g.8937590C>T) and a rare novel deletion (g. 8937205_ 8937206del) were identified in the 3' UTR regions of the CX3CR1 gene. The distribution of SNPs alleles in the case and control was compared by means of statistical analysis at allelic, genotypic, haplotypic, and SNP - SNP interaction levels. Single SNP analysis revealed that g.8937121G>A was significantly associated with susceptibility to CHD in Belgian Malinois (p = 0.00049) in the codominant model. Five SNP - SNP interactions were identified to be associated with CHD in Labrador Retrievers and the most suggestive of these was between g.8938599_8938600insCC and g.8937450A>G (p = 0.0004). We found that one haplotype block, consisting of two SNPs (g.8937137A>G and g.8937319T>G) was associated with susceptibility to CHD in Belgian Malinois (p = 0.022). None of the detected polymorphisms was statistically significantly associated with CHD in German Shepherds.
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    Investigating proximate composition and fatty acid profile of Longissimus dorsi from Anatolian Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) raised in similar conditions
    (Soc Brasileira Ciencia Tecnologia Alimentos, 2019) Gecgel, Umit; Yilmaz, Ismail; Soysal, Mehmet Ihsan; Gurcan, Eser Kemal; Kok, Suleyman
    The aim of the present study was to compare the proximate analysis and fatty acid profile of water buffalo meats. Samples were taken from three different local meat suppliers in Baklali, Orcunlu, and Nakkas villages, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Animals were males 24 months old reaching final live weights of 420-440 kg. Significant differences were observed in pH, moisture, fat, color and fatty acid profile of water buffalo meats (p<0.05 and p<0.01). The results of proximate analysis demonstrated that the pH (5.03-5.46), moisture (48.60-59.73%), fat (18.90-30.02%), ash (2.48-3.56%), protein (15.12-17.65%), 'L' lightness (24.38-33.50), 'a' redness (9.88-13.81), and 'b' yellowness (5.66-8.53) were found in the samples. C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, C16:1, C18:1 and C18:2 content of the water buffalo meats were found to be 1.53-4.15%, 19.99-26.85%, 19.48-34.50%, 2.95-5.33%, 35.37-50.62%, and 1.02-3.56%, respectively. The total SFAs, total MUFAs, total PUFAs, and total UFAs contents of the samples ranged between 40.73 and 60.28%, 38.32 and 55.15%, 1.34 and 4.46%, and 39.72 and 59.27%, respectively.
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    The Use of Various SNPs in CAST and CAPN1 Genes to Determine the Meat Tenderness in Turkish Grey Cattle
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2018) Kok, Suleyman; Atalay, Sertac
    The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between some genotypic characteristics of purebred Turkish Grey Cattle (TGC) and beef tenderness characteristics. There is a linear relationship between meat tenderness and the increasing calcium activity after slaughtering. Calpastatin (CAST) is a neutral protease inhibitor of Calpain (CAPN1) in mammalian tissues. The three polymorphic places in the CAST and the CAPN1 genes in cattle (UoG-CAST, CAPN1 316 and 4751) are known as the markers of beef quality. The relationship between the tenderness traits of the longissimus dorsi (LD) and the 3 beef quality markers (3 SNPs) in pure TGC have been investigated and discussed. PCR-RFLP and ARMS-PCR methods were utilized to identify the genotypes. In order to determine the water holding capacity (WHC), cooking loss (CL) and the shear force (SF), samples extracted from LD were probed. The average and standard error SF of a two-year-old TCG bred in extensive conditions was 4.339 +/- 0.217 kg/cm(2) for the heifers and 4.689 +/- 0.569 kg/cm(2) for bulls. Both alleles of the UoG-CAST (C/G), the CAPN1 316 (C/G) and the CAPN1 4751(C/T) polymorphisms in the samples were observed. The average SF of 3.943 +/- 0.441 kg/cm(2), 4.537 +/- 1.666 kg/cm(2), and 3.869 +/- 0.721 kg/cm(2) were used for the CAST-CC, the CAPN1 4751-CC and the CAPN1 316-GC, respectively in order to cut the muscle fibers of the genotypes that have a positive effect on tenderness. No cattle of the CAPN1 316-CC genotype was identified among the samples. The average and standart error WHC, CL and SF values for the entire sample including heifers and bulls were found as 11.693 +/- 0.761%, 26.952 +/- 0.636%, and 4.483 +/- 0.252 kg/cm(2), respectively. In conclusion, the presence of genetic variation in specific SNP markers of beef tenderness in purebred TGC can contribute to the process of raising TGC with more tender meat.