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Öğe Antiapoptotic and proliferative activity of curcumin on ovarian follicles in mice exposed to whole body ionizing radiation(Sage Publications Inc, 2012) Aktas, Cevat; Kanter, Mehmet; Kocak, ZaferThe aim of this study was to evaluate the antiapoptotic and proliferative activity of curcumin (Cur) on the ovarian follicles in mice exposed to whole body ionizing radiation (Rd). The mice were exposed to 8.3 gray whole body Rd, and Cur groups were given as a daily dose of 100 mg/kg of Cur for 10 days (10 days before Rd). The ovaries were collected 3 and 12 h after irradiation. To date, no such studies have been performed on antiapoptotic and proliferative activity of Cur on the ovarian follicles in mice exposed to whole body Rd. Analysis of mice ovary after exposure to Rd by terminal-deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling showed that there were apoptotic cells both in the follicular wall and the antrum, and that the number of follicles showing early atresic features was high 3 h after Rd. On the other hand, analysis of mice ovary 12 h after exposure to Rd showed that the number of follicles containing apoptotic cells with advanced atresic features was significantly higher when compared to the 3-h Rd exposure group. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive granulosa cells were decreased in association with follicular atresia. The groups given treatment were observed to have some benefit from Cur against the damage caused by Rd. The results of this study demonstrate that Cur prevents follicular atresia in Rd-induced apoptosis in ovarian follicles.Öğe Are We Acting Responsibly Against Multiple Submission?(Galenos Publ House, 2022) Kocak, Zafer[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Authors and Editors of Scholarly Journals Should be Aware of Plagiarism and Its Consequences(Galenos Publ House, 2021) Usta, Ufuk; Kocak, Zafer[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Balkan Medical Journal Policy on the Use of Chatbots in Scientific Publications(Galenos Publ House, 2023) Kocak, Zafer; Altay, Servet[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Öğe The Better Performance Status, the Better Outcome: Laryngeal Carcinoma Treated with Definitive Radiotherapy(B C Decker Inc, 2008) Yurut-Caloglu, Vuslat; Caloglu, Murat; Turan, Fatma Nesrin; Ibis, Kamuran; Karagol, Hakan; Kocak, Zafer; Uzal, CemPurpose: To evaluate the prognostic factors affecting locoregional control (LRC) and overall survival (OS) of patients with laryngeal carcinoma who were not candidates for surgical treatment due to tumour or host factors but were treated with definitive radiotherapy (RT). Patients and Methods: Sixty-three consecutive patients, treated with definitive RT between 1999 and 2005, were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had histologically proven squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx. The median age was 62 years (range 43-83 years). Follow-up ranged from 22 days to 68 months (median 32 months). Results: The LRC rates at 2 and 5 years were 70% and 48%. The 2- and 5-year OS rates were 65% and 40%. No statistically significant relationship was found between World Health Organization performance status score (WHO PS) and age (p = .21), tumour site (p = .42), overall stage (p = .11), T stage (p = .19), and N stage (p = .69). Multivariate analyses showed that a WHO PS score >= 2 (p < .0001) and RT treatment time >= 50 days (p = .0172) significantly decreased LRC. Moreover, a WHO PS score >= 2 (p < .0001), RT treatment time >= 50 days (p = .0138), and RT dose < 66 Gy (p = .04) were significantly negative prognostic factors on OS. Conclusion: Definitive RT, in patients with early- and more advanced-stage squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, is an important treatment option. It is clear that patients with good pretreatment PS would get better results from definitive RT.Öğe Bilateral choroidal metastases as an initial manifestation of small-cell carcinoma of the lung(Turkish Assoc Tuberculosis & Thorax, 2006) Kocak, Zafer; Tabakoglu, Erhan; Benian, Omer; Bayir, Gulden; Unlu, Ercument; Uzal, CemThe occurence of clinically symptomatic intraocular metastases as an initial manifestation of primary neoplasm is rare event. The recognition of metastatic ocular tumors is important since they indicate a poor prognosis. Prompt diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve the quality of life for these patients. We report the case of a 48-year-old man presenting with a two-week history of left sided intraocular pain with blurring of vision and headache, which are the first signs of small-cell lung carcinoma.Öğe A brief look at the evaluation of the development and effectiveness of cytotoxic chemotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer(Kare Publ, 2010) Uzunoglu, Sernaz; Karagol, Hakan; Tanriverdi, Ozgur; Cicin, Irfan; Caloglu, Murat; Kocak, ZaferSystemic chemotherapy for patients with advanced-stage non-small-cell lung cancer prolongs survival and palliates symptoms, when compared with the best supportive care alone. However, the results of standard cytotoxic regimens are not yet satisfactory. As the effectiveness in the treatment of refractory disease is low, it still remains critical to better understand and develop new treatment options for refractory disease. Within the second-line therapeutic approaches, there are new chemotherapeutic schemes as well as molecular-targeted treatment options that block the epidermal growth factor receptor or angiogenesis. Future research efforts should focus on identifying prognostic and predictive markers of benefit not only for the standard cytotoxic agents, but also for the new target-driven agents currently.Öğe Colonic metastasis from carcinoma of the breast that mimicks a primary intestinal cancer(Yonsei Univ Coll Medicine, 2006) Uygun, Kazim; Kocak, Zafer; Altaner, Semsi; Cicin, Irfan; Tokatli, Fusun; Uzal, CemAlthough the lung, liver, or bones are the most common location for distant metastases; in breast cancer patients, metastases to the intestinal tract are very rarely recognized in the clinic. We will present an unusual case of colonic metastasis from a carcinoma of the breast that mimics a primary intestinal cancer, along with a through review of English language medical literature. Despite the fact that isolated gastrointestinal (GI) metastases are very rare and much less common than benign disease processes or second primaries of the intestinal tract in patients with a history of breast cancer, metastatic disease should be given consideration whenever a patient experiences GI symptoms.Öğe The correlation between TTF-1 immunoreactivity and the occurrence of lymph node metastases in patients with lung cancer(Sage Publications Ltd, 2006) Altaner, Semsi; Yoruk, Yener; Tokatli, Fusun; Kocak, Zafer; Tosun, Birsen; Guresci, Servet; Kutlu, KemalAims and background: Thyroid transcription factor (TTF-1) is a tissue-specific transcription factor expressed in the epithelial cells of thyroid and lung. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the expression of TTF-1 and clinicopathological parameters in pulmonary adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma. Methods: Resection material of pneumonectomies and lobectomles of 39 patients was retrospectively examined. Twenty-eight patients were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma and 11 with adenosquamous carcinoma. Tumors were classified into 3 groups: a strongly positive group (++) with double dagger 50% tumor cells positive for TTF-1; a weakly positive group (+) with 1-49% positive tumor cells; and a negative group (-) with less than 1% or no positive tumor cells. Analysis was performed with Kaplan-Meier estimates and log-rank tests. Results: Staining for TTF-1 was negative in 10 cases. There was focal staining in 9 cases, while there was diffuse staining in 20 (51%) cases out of 39, and 15 (75%) of these were adenocarcinomas. There was a statistically significant association between TTF-1 and lymph node metastases (P = 0.029). No relationship was found between TTF-1 positivity and disease-free and overall survival. Conclusions: TTF-1 expression may be a predictor of lymph node metastases. Additional work in a larger group of patients is needed to better assess the utility of this marker.Öğe CYCLIN D1 A870G POLYMORPHISM AND PROGNOSIS OF NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011) Kocak, Zafer; Ozen, Alaattin; Cakina, Suat; Saynak, Mert; Gulyasar, Tevfik; Sipahi, Tammam[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Development and Progress of Balkan Medical Journal(Galenos Publ House, 2017) Kocak, Zafer; Sut, Necdet; Asan, Ahmet[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Eccrine porocarcinoma: a case report and literature review(Kare Publ, 2007) Saynak, Mert; Kocak, Zafer; Altaner, Semsi; Ozen, Alaattin; Cosar Alas, Rusen; Yurut Caloglu, Vuslat; Uregen, BurcuEccrine porocarcinoma is a rare malignant sweat gland tumor. The lower extremity represents the most common tumor site for this entity. Surgical excision seems to be the best treatment choice. The surgical margins should be free of tumor, otherwise a local recurrence is most likely. Regional lymph node dissection should be performed if there is evidence of lymphadenopathy. Here, we present clinical and pathological findings of a 69 years old woman diagnosed with eccrine porocarcinoma arising from the skin of the trunk.Öğe The effect of a flavonoid fractions diosmin plus hesperidin on radiation-induced acute proctitis in a rat model(Medknow Publications, 2011) Sezer, Atakan; Usta, Ufuk; Kocak, Zafer; Yagci, Mehmet AliBackground: To explore the protective effect of a flavonoid fractions diosmin + hesperidin (Daflon), against radiation-induced acute proctitis in an experimental rat model. Materials and Methods: Thirty four rats were divided into four groups. The rats in Group 1 received Daflon and underwent irradiation. The rats in Group 2 received no Daflon and underwent irradiation. The rats in Group 3 received Daflon and underwent sham irradiation. The rats in Group 4 received no Daflon and underwent sham irradiation. Daflon emulsion (100 mg/kg/day) was administered via an orogastric feeding tube to the rats in groups 1 and 3 starting from 1 day prior to irradiation until the euthanasia day (day 15 following irradiation). Radiation therapy was delivered on a cobalt-60 unit using a single fraction of 17.5 Gy defined at a depth of 1 cm through an anterior portal. Slides were examined by the same pathologist under a light microscope two times in a blinded manner. Results: When compared to group 2, the rats of Group 1 showed less glandular distortion and less mucosal inflammation with less infiltration of the crypt epithelia by the inflammatory cells (P < 0.001). A statistically significant increase in all parameters but muscular wall thickness was observed for the rats in Group 2 as compared to the group 3 and 4. Conclusions: Administration of a dose of 100 mg/kg/day of the diosmin + hesperidin resulted in decreased morphologic inflammatory changes. This drug may have protective effects against radiation-induced acute proctitis.Öğe THE EFFECT OF GENDER ON RADIATION-INDUCED ACUTE LUNG INJURY IN A RAT MODEL(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2012) Kocak, Zafer; Bilal, Burcu U.; Cosar, Rusen; Altaner, Semsi; Ozen, Alaattin; Cukurcayir, Funda[Abstract Not Available]Öğe The efficiency of single agent docetaxel in patients with platinum-refractory non-small cell lung carcinoma(Humana Press Inc, 2008) Uygun, Kazim; Aksu, Gorkem; Cicin, Irfan; Karagol, Hakan; Kocak, Zafer; Fayda, Merdan; Binici, AhmetBackground To evaluate the efficiency of docetaxel as second line chemotherapy in patients with platinum-refractory non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Patients and methods Fifty-two patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC who had platinum-refractory disease (progressed through or within 3 months of completion of first line therapy) and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance (ECOG) status 0-2 were treated with second-line chemotherapy consisting of single agent docetaxel (100 mg/m2, intravenously, on day 1 of a 21-day cycle). The median number of treatment cycles was 4 (2-6). Disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS), response rates and toxicity were evaluated. Results The median progression-free survival of patients was 3 months (95% CI: 0.01-5.99) and overall survival was 7.2 months (95% CI: 2.2-9.5). One-year overall survival rate was 29%. Disease control (complete response, partial response, or stable disease) was achieved in 25 patients (48%) and overall response rate was 13% (7 patients). There were no complete responses. Seventeen patients (33%) had stable disease and twenty-seven patients (52%) had progressive disease. Age, gender, stage at diagnosis (IIIB vs. IV), performance status at initiation of second-line therapy (0-1 vs. 2) histopathological type (epidermoid vs. others), grade, LDH, albumin, weight loss were evaluated as prognostic factors; however, none of these had a significant affect on survivals. The protocol was well tolerated and there were no toxic deaths. Grade III-IV anemia was present in 8 patients (15%) and thrombopenia in 12 (23%) patients. The most frequent grade 3-4 toxicities were leucopenia (52%) and neutropenia (48%). Febril neutropenia occurred in 14 patients (26%). No patients experienced grade III-IV mucositis and diarrhea. Totally, the need of a dose reduction was about 25% and treatment delay (4-9 days) occurred in 5 patients (10%) and 7 patients (13%), respectively, because of toxicity. Conclusions Second-line chemotherapy with single-agent docetaxel offers a small but significant survival advantage with acceptable toxicity for patients with advanced NSCLC who have platinum-refractory disease.Öğe Evaluation of Nutritional Status and Anxiety Levels in Patients Applying to the Radiation Oncology Outpatient Clinic during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Turkish Society for Radiation Oncology Group Study (TROD 12:02)(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Caloglu, Vuslat Yurut; Akmansu, Muge; Yalman, Deniz; Gul, Sule Karabulut; Kocak, Zafer; Alicikus, Zumre Arican; Serarslan, AlparslanCancer patients often face malnutrition, which negatively affects their response to cancer treatment. This study aims to analyze the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on nutritional status and anxiety in cancer patients with different types and stages of cancer. This is a cross-sectional cohort study that includes 1,252 patients with varying cancer types from 17 radiation oncology centers. The nutritional risk scores (NRS-2002) and coronavirus anxiety scale (CAS) scores of all patients were measured. NRS-2002 >= 3 and CAS >= 5 were accepted as values at risk. Of all patients, 15.3% had NRS-2002 >= 3. Breast cancer was the most prevalent cancer type (24.5%) with the lowest risk of nutrition (4.9%, p < 0.001). Nutritional risk was significantly higher in patients with gastrointestinal cancer, head and neck cancer, and lung cancer (p < 0.005) and in patients with stage IV disease (p < 0.001). High anxiety levels (CAS >= 5) were significantly related to voluntary avoidance and clinical postponement of hospital visits due to the pandemic (p < 0.001), while clinical postponement was particularly frequent among patients with NRS-2002 < 3 (p = 0.0021). Fear and anxiety in cancer patients with COVID-19 cause hesitations in visiting hospitals, leading to disrupted primary and nutritional treatments. Thus, nutritional monitoring and treatment monitoring of cancer patients are crucial during and after radiotherapy.Öğe Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma localized in lymph nodes: Is it a different clinical entity?(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2009) Cicin, Irfan; Usta, Ufuk; Karagol, Hakan; Uzunoglu, Sernaz; Kocak, ZaferBackground. Extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas (EPSCC) can clinically progress differently depending on the primary site of disease involvement. This review is focused on patients with small cell carcinoma (SmCC) exclusively localized in a lymph node or in multiple lymph nodes without any evidence of a primary tumor in any other organ. Methods. We searched the period 1980 to 2007 in the PubMed database and idendified 11 publications in the English language presenting at least one case of SmCC. In total 28 individual patients were included in the present study. They were scrutinized in terms of epidemiology, clinical presentation, staging, pathology, etiology, treatment and prognosis. Results. Characteristics such as age, gender and smoking were similar to those seen in other EPSCCs. Median survival was not reached (42+, range, 9.1 to 100 months). The survival rate was found to be 79% at 3 years. Seventy-seven percent of the patients had limited stage disease. These patients completely responded to surgical therapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy or to a combination of these treatments. Seventy-one percent of the patients with limited stage SmCC localized in lymph nodes were recurrence-free during the study periods. Discussion. Our review patient group with SmCC localized in lymph nodes exhibited an excellent clinical behavior and survival results when compared to other patients with pulmonary and non-pulmonary SmCCs. SmCCs localized in lymph nodes may be a separate clinical entity.Öğe Extrapulmonary small-cell carcinoma compared with small-cell lung carcinoma - A retrospective single-center study(Wiley, 2007) Cicin, Irfan; Karagol, Hakan; Uzunoglu, Sernaz; Uygun, Kazim; Usta, Ufuk; Kocak, Zafer; Caloglu, MuratBACKGROUND. The study was conducted with the aim of reviewing the clinical features, therapy, and natural course of patients with extrapulmonary small-cell carcinoma (EPSCC) and small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) to better define current concepts regarding EPSCCs. METHODS. The medical records of patients with proven diagnosis of small-cell carcinoma (SmCQ between January 1999 and May 2006 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 65 SmCC cases were included in the study (11 [17%] cases of EPSCC and 54 [83%] cases of SCLQ. RESULTS. Progression-free survival of all patients with EPSCC and patients with-extensive EPSCC disease was 7 months (95% confidence interval 10], 0.58-13.42) and 7 months (95% Cl, 4.71-13.29), respectively. Overall survival of all patients with EPSCC and patients with extensive EPSSC disease was 32 months (95% CI, 18.74-45.26) and 28 months (95% Cl, 12.24-43.76), respectively. Progression-free survival and overall survival for all patients with SCLC were 5 months (95% Cl, 2.26-7.74) and 10 months (95% Cl, 5.95-14.05), respectively. Progression-free survival and overall survival for patients with extensive disease were 3 months (95% Cl, 4.71-13.29) and 5 months (95% CI, 3.33-6.67), respectively. Overall survival was significantly better in all patients with EPSCC and in patients with extensive EPSCC disease compared with A patients with SCLC and patients with extensive SCLC disease (P =.014, P -.004, respectively). Early death and brain metastasis were observed in a higher number of patients with SCLC compared with EPSCC) however, these results were not statistically significant (P 33 and P =.076, respectively). Smoking history was significantly less in the FPSCC group (P <.0001). CONCLUSIONS. EPSCC is usually treated similarly to SCLC. However, this study suggests some differences such as etiology, clinic course, survival, frequency of brain metastases, and early death between these entities. These possible differences may influence the choice of therapeutic approach. Cancer 2007; 110: 106&76. (c) 200 7 American Cancer Society.Öğe Factors affecting bladder dose in gynecologic intracavitary brachytherapy(Akad Doktorlar Yayinevi, 2008) Adli, Mustafa; Garipagaoglu, Melahat; Kocak, Zafer; Koese, M. Faruk; Kurtman, CengizThe purpose of this study is to investigate factors affecting bladder ICRU reference point dose in gynecologic cancer patients receiving intracavitary brachytherapy. Forty seven different intracavitary HDR brachytherapy applications were performed using tandem-ovoid (n=25), vaginal ovoid (n= 17) and tandem-cylinder (n=5) in 43 patients diagnosed with cervical (n=29), endometrial (n=12) and vaginal (n=2) carcinoma. Effect of applicator type, number of pregnancy and delivery, and type of hysterectomy in operated patients on ICRU bladder reference point dose was investigated. ICRU bladder reference point dose was significantly higher in tandem-cylinder applications than in vaginal ovoid alone or tandem-ovoid applications (p=0.009). No difference was found between vaginal ovoid alone and tandem-ovoid applications. Number of pregnancy and delivery had no effect on bladder dose. Bladder reference point dose was significantly higher in patients underwent type 3 hysterectomy compared to type 1-2 hysterectomy (p<0.00 1). Several factors affect bladder dose during gynecologic intracavitary brachytherapy. Patient and applicator related factors should be evaluated together and any necessary changes needed should be made in the treatment plan accordingly.
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