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Öğe Alterations of BDNF and GDNF serum levels in alcohol-addicted patients during alcohol withdrawal(European Journal Of Psychiatry, 2016) Sonmez, Mehmet Bulent; Gorgulu, Yasemin; Cinar, Rugul Kose; Kilic, Evnur Kahyaci; Unal, Aycan; Vardar, Mehmet ErdalBackground and Objectives: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) are neurotrophic neuropeptides that play important roles in the synaptic plasticity, neuronal growth, survival and function. A possible neuroprotective role of neurotrophic factors against alcohol-induced cell damage has been suggested, and dysregulations in neurotrophic factors may be involved in the vulnerability to addiction. The aim of this study was to investigate the alterations of BDNF and GDNF serum levels in alcohol-addicted patients during alcohol withdrawal compared to healthy controls. Methods: BDNF and GDNF serum levels of 34 male inpatients diagnosed with alcohol addiction according to DSM-IV-TR were investigated during alcohol withdrawal (day 1, 7 and 14) in comparison to 32 healthy controls using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Severity of alcohol withdrawal was measured by Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol (CIWA-Ar), and intensity of alcohol craving was measured by Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS) during alcohol withdrawal (day 1, 7 and 14). Results: BDNF serum levels increased significantly during alcohol withdrawal (p = 0.020). They were negatively correlated to the severity of alcohol withdrawal, and the correlation was close to being statistically significant (p = 0.058). BDNF and GDNF serum levels did not differ significantly between the patient and control groups. GDNF serum levels did not change significantly during alcohol withdrawal. Conclusions: Our results may provide support for the previously hypothesized role of BDNF in the neuroadaptation during alcohol withdrawal.Öğe Decreased interoceptive awareness in patients with substance use disorders(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2017) Sonmez, Mehmet Bulent; Kilic, Evnur Kahyaci; Col, Isil Ates; Gorgulu, Yasemin; Cinar, Rugul KoseIntroduction: The current study was prepared based on the assumption that awareness of the interoceptive processes may be disturbed in addicted individuals, Methods: The participants in the study included 84 abstinent male inpatients who were addicted to alcohol (n = 33), heroin (n = 29), or synthetic cannabinoids (n = 22) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR), and 35 healthy male volunteers. Interoceptive awareness (IA) was measured using the heartbeat perception (HBP) task. Addiction severity was assessed using the addiction profile index (API). Alexithymia was assessed using the Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS-20). Results: Patients addicted to alcohol, heroin, or synthetic cannabinoids had similar IA, and their HBP scores were significantly lower than those of healthy control subjects. There was a significant negative correlation between HBP scores and TAS-20 subscores, thus indicating difficulties in identifying feelings. HBP scores were not significantly correlated with API scores. API scores were significantly correlated with total alexithymia scores and subscores, thus indicating difficulties in identifying and describing feelings. Discussion: As our main finding, a decrease in IA in addicted patients in comparison to healthy controls may provide support for the hypothesis that awareness of the interoceptive processes may be disturbed in addiction.Öğe Evaluation of phosphatidylethanol by ELISA for detection of excessive alcohol use compared with traditional biomarkers: a case-control study(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2017) Sonmez, Mehmet Bulent; Cinar, Rugul Kose; Gorgulu, Yasemin; Kilic, Evnur Kahyaci; Unal, AycanObjective: The highly sensitive chromatographic methods for quantifying phosphatidylethanol (PEth) require high levels of expertice and expensive instrumentation. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits have been developed for research purposes, but the implementation of PEth immunoassays to screen alcohol consumption has not been applied to the analysis of clinical samples. Our aim was to examine the ELISA method for PEth analysis in clinical samples. Methods: We examined the alterations of the PEth serum levels of 22 male inpatients diagnosed with alcohol dependence according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, during alcohol withdrawal (at days 1, 7, and 14) compared to 32 healthy controls using ELISA. All patients were admitted for detoxification treatment at the Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment and Rehabilitation Center, Trakya University School of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey. Control subjects were assessed with an initial clinical interview and screened with the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), and they included 16 nondrinkers (AUDIT score = 0) and 16 social drinkers (AUDIT score < 8). We examined the diagnostic accuracy of PEth compared to the traditional biomarkers according to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results: The patients undergoing detoxification had higher baseline PEth levels than the nondrinkers and social drinkers; the difference between groups showed a marginal trend towards significance (p = 0.052). PEth was correlated with the self-reported drinking amount in the past month and AUDIT scores, and the correlations showed marginal trends towards significance (r(s) = 0.269, p = 0.049; and rs = 0.266, p = 0.052; respectively). The PEth levels were statistically significantly correlated with gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (r(s) = 0.355, p = 0.010), the correlations with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) trended towards statistical significance (r(s) = 0.230, p = 0.095; and r(s) = 0.261, p = 0.056, respectively), and PEth was not statistically significantly correlated with mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (r(s) = 0.100, p = 0.478). PEth levels decreased statistically significantly during alcohol withdrawal (p = 0.002). PEth levels of the nondrinkers and social drinkers did not differ statistically significantly (p = 1.000). The area under the curve (AUC) for PEth measured by ELISA was statistically significantly higher than 0.5 (AUC = 0.691, p = 0.024), but PEth had poorer diagnostic efficacy than GGT (AUC = 0.933, p < 0.001), AST (AUC = 0.931, p < 0.001), MCV (AUC = 0.803, p < 0.001), and ALT (AUC = 0.789, p < 0.01). Conclusions: The AUC of 0.69 shows that the diagnostic accuracy of the assay was poor, regardless of a statistical comparison to 0.5. The use of serum might have led to low concentrations that have not differed much between heavy drinkers and social drinkers or abstainers. Whole blood ELISA implementation for the quantification of PEth may increase its diagnostic efficacy.Öğe Quality of life and sleep, depression, family functioning, and marital adjustment in patients on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis(Wiley, 2024) Kilic, Evnur Kahyaci; Kilic, Ilhan; Gorgulu, Yasemin; Ustundag, SedatIntroduction: End-stage renal disease is different from other chronic diseases that the treatment method is as difficult. Our aim in this study was to compare marital adjustment, sexual functions and family functioning between hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patient. Method: A total of 21 HD and 27 PD patients were included. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Short Form-36 (SF-36), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX), Golombok-Rust Inventory for Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS), Marital Adjustment Test (MAT) and Family Assessment Device (FAD) were applied. Results: BDI scores were significantly higher in HD patients (p < 0.001). According to FAD problem solving (p < 0.001), communication (p = 0.00) and general functioning scores (p = 0.04) were higher in PD. The rate of poor sleep quality was 44.4% in the PD group, and 66.7% in HD group (p = 0.12). General health (p = 0.04), vitality (p < 0.001), mental health (p = 0.00) and social functioning (p = 0.00) scores were lower in HD patients. Conclusion: HD patients are at high risk for psychiatric disorders due to the treatment modality. These patients should be monitored carefully and consultation-liaison services should be increased.
