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    Association between mental stress & some antioxidant enzymes of seminal plasma
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2005) Eskiocak, S; Gozen, AS; Kilic, AS; Mollat, S
    Background & objectives: Mental stress, which is responsible for various disorders, is one of the most important medical and social problems. It is reported that mental stress causes abnormality in sperm quality. Most of the previous investigations done to study the association between mental stress and infertility were carried out with infertile men. Infertility itself and/or its therapy may lead to stress. Further, most studies investigating the association between psychological stress and semen quality have lacked information on biochemical parameters. In the present study, we investigated the effect of mental stress due to final exams on two important antioxidant enzymes of the seminal plasma, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase in normal healthy medical students. Methods: Semen samples were collected from 27 healthy male volunteers, who were third semester students of a medical school, just before (stress period) and 10.19 +/- 0.83 wk after (non-stress period) the final examinations. Psychological stress of participants was measured by the State Trait Anxiety Inventory. After standard semen analysis, semen samples were centrifuged at 10,000 x g for 15 min. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities were measured in the seminal plasma. Results: During stress period, stress scores and SOD activities increased significantly compared to the non-stress period. Catalase activities showed no change. Spermatozoa concentrations, motility index and percentage of rapid progressive motility decreased tinder stress. Interpretation & conclusion: Our results indicated that mental stress negatively affected semen quality. Increase in SOD activities led to poor quality of semen parameters.
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    Glutathione and free sulphydryl content of seminal plasma in healthy medical students during and after exam stress
    (Oxford Univ Press, 2005) Eskiocak, S; Gozen, AS; Yapar, SB; Tavas, F; Kilic, AS; Eskiocak, M
    BACKGROUND: It has been reported that there is a relationship between stress and infertility. The mechanisms of stress-related semen quality alterations have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the effect of examination stress on seminal glutathione and free sulphydryl content and sperm quality. METHODS: Semen samples were collected from 34 healthy volunteers who were students of medical school in the fourth semester just before (stress period) and 3 months after (non-stress period) their final examinations. Their psychological examination stress was measured by the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire. After standard semen analysis, semen samples were centrifuged at 10 000g for 15 min. Glutathione and free sulphydryl concentration of seminal plasma were measured. RESULTS: During the period of examination stress, the glutathione and free sulphydryl content of seminal plasma and the motility index of spermatozoa were significantly lower, whereas the percentage of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa was higher, than during the non-stress period (P < 0.001, for all). An association between seminal plasma glutathione and motility index was observed at both periods (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that glutathione and free sulphydryl levels in seminal plasma decreased in subjects undergoing examination stress. Furthermore, poor sperm quality may be due to loss of glutathione and free sulphydryl content of seminal plasma.