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    A 48-month randomized controlled trial of caries prevention effect of a one-time application of glass ionomer sealant versus resin sealant
    (Japanese Soc Dental Materials Devices, 2016) Haznedaroglu, Eda; Guner, Sirin; Duman, Canan; Mentes, Ali
    The aim of this study was to compare the caries prevention effectiveness, retention rates and the level of fluoride of saliva of a glass-ionomer sealant (GIS) with that of a resin-based sealant (RS). Eighty GIS and 80RS were placed on the first permanent molars in 40 children aged 7-10 years. Children were re-examined at 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 months after the procedure. Saliva samples were collected before the sealant was applied and again at each appointment, and fluoride levels were measured. After 48 months, occlusal caries were seen in 4 and 12 teeth in GIS and RS groups respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the fluoride levels of saliva between baseline and up to 12th month in GIS group. GISs presented effective prevention of caries development, even though the failure rate is higher when compared to the RSs. An increased salivary fluoride level due to GISs might be an additive effect on the prevention of dental caries.
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    Children's drawing as a measurement of dental anxiety in paediatric dentistry
    (Wiley, 2020) Guner Onur, Sirin; Tonguc Altin, Kubra; Demetgul Yurtseven, Bersu; Haznedaroglu, Eda; Sandalli, Nuket
    Background Drawings can be used as a method of communication that represents an individual's self-concept, anxiety, attitude or conflict. Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate children's drawing as a measure of dental anxiety in a dental setting. Design Seventy-eight children, aged 6-12 years, were enrolled in this study. Pulp therapy and/or restorative treatment was performed during the first therapeutic session for all participants. Sound, Eye and Motor (SEM) and Frankl scales were used as an objective assessment of behaviour during treatment. After the treatment session, the children were instructed to draw a picture of a person at a dental clinic. Children's drawings were scored by a paediatric dentist and a psychologist using Child Drawing: Hospital (CD: H) scale and emotional indicators of Human Figure Drawings (HFD). The findings were compared with Frankl and SEM scores. Results There was a significant negative correlation between Frankl and CD: H scores (P = .017), and a significant negative correlation was found between HFD and Frankl scores (P = .048). Conclusion Drawings can reveal a considerable amount of information about children's emotional status, and children's drawing can be a useful non-verbal self-report measure to evaluate anxiety in a paediatric dental setting.
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    Dental Fluorosis and Catalase Immunoreactivity of the Brain Tissues in Rats Exposed to High Fluoride Pre- and Postnatally
    (Humana Press Inc, 2016) Guner, Sirin; Uyar-Bozkurt, Suheyla; Haznedaroglu, Eda; Mentes, Ali
    This study evaluated dental fluorosis of the incisors and immunoreactivity in the brain tissues of rats given chronic fluoride doses pre- and postnatally. Female rats were given drinking water with 0, 30 or 100 ppm fluoride ad libitum throughout gestation and the nursing period. In addition, 63 male offspring were treated with the same water regimens as the mothers after weaning and were followed for 1, 3 or 5 months. The upper and lower incisors were collected, and all teeth were examined under a stereomicroscope and scored by two blinded examiners using a modified rodent enamel fluorosis index. Cortical, hippocampal and cerebellar brain samples were evaluated morphologically and immunohistochemically. All fluoride-treated pups were born with low body weight (p = 0.001). All animals from the fluoride groups had enamel fluorosis with defects of various degrees. The increase in the dental fluorosis scores in the fluoride treatment groups was significant (p < 0.01). The catalase immunoreactivity in the 30- and 100-ppm fluoride groups was significantly higher than that in the controls after 1, 3 and 5 months (p < 0.001). In conclusion, this study showed that rats with dental fluorosis had catalase immunoreactivity in the brain tissues, which may reflect the neurobehavioral toxicity of fluoride.
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    Two-fold excess of fluoride in the drinking water has no obvious health effects other than dental fluorosis
    (Elsevier Gmbh, 2018) Sezgin, Batin Ilgit; Onur, Sirin Guner; Mentes, Ali; Okutan, Alev Eda; Haznedaroglu, Eda; Vieira, Alexandre Rezende
    Background. There is concern that fluorides in the drinking water is hazardous to health. Methods: We conducted an observational study in the village of Hanliyenice (population 280), Turkey, which has 2.5 times higher than optimal levels of fluoride in the drinking water and evaluated all children 7-13 years of age (N = 30). We collected information on dental decay, fluorosis, daily water consumption and diet, child history and her family history of cancer, cardiovascular risks/diseases, and asthma, and obtained a blood sample for extraction of genomic DNA. We genotyped ten single nucleotide polymorphisms in aquaporins. Results: As expected, a high number of children were dental caries free (19 out of 30) and had fluorosis (25 out of 30). Family history of cancer, cardiovascular events, and asthma was not different from the expected figures based on Turkey. One variant just upstream of AQP5 was associated with being fluorosis free. (G allele of AQP5 rs296763, p = 6.0E(-6)). Conclusions: Exposure to levels of fluoride twice as high than the optimum in the drinking water increases the prevalence of fluorosis, dramatically decreases dental caries, and does not increase the risk of cancer, cardiovascular events, and asthma.