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    Antibiotic resistance patterns and plasmid profiles of Salmonella typhimurium isolates in Turkey
    (Springer-Verlag, 2001) Otkun, M; Erdem, B; Akata, F; Tatman-Otkun, M; Gerceker, D; Yagci, S; Ozkan, E
    To understand the resistance mechanisms present in 75 isolates of Salmonella typhimurium derived from clinical infections in Turkey, antimicrobial resistance patterns and associated plasmids were investigated. Among the 22 strains that produced extended-spectrum beta -lactamase (ESBL), 20 were resistant to aminoglycosides and 12 to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, Strains that did not produce ESBL did not express aminoglycoside or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance, although 27 of them were ampicillin resistant. None of the strains were resistant to imipenem or fluoroquinolones. Nineteen strains producing ESBL carried a plasmid of >100 MDa, Seven ESBL-producing strains conjugally transferred their ESBLs and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance. No correlation was found between the resistance patterns and plasmids in non-ESBL-producing strains.
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    Antimicrobial resistance patterns and serotype distribution among Salmonella enterica strains in Turkey, 2000-2002
    (Springer, 2005) Erdem, B; Ercis, S; Hascelik, G; Gur, D; Gedikoglu, S; Aysev, A; Sumerkan, B
    Since Turkey currently lacks a national reference center for Salmonella infections, the present study was conducted to document the distribution of serotypes and antimicrobial resistance patterns among Salmonella enterica isolates recovered from clinical samples in ten Turkish provinces over a 2-year period. Among the 620 Salmonella enterica isolates recovered between 1 July 2000 and 30 June 2002, strains belonging to the serotypes Enteritidis (47.7%), Typhimurium (34.7%), Paratyphi B (6.0%), Typhi (2.9%), Paratyphi A (0.2%) and serogroup C (8.5%) were found. Resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents was particularly high among Salmonella Typhimurium isolates (76.7%), and resistance or decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (MIC >= 0.125 mg/l) was demonstrated in Salmonella Paratyphi B, Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis strains. All of the Salmonella Typhi isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. The results indicate that decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin is an emerging problem in Salmonella enterica in Turkey, particularly in multiresistant strains.