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    The Effect of COVID-19 Rapid Antigen Testing in Education on Early Detection and Prevention of Epidemics: A Faculty Example from Trakya University
    (Bilimsel Tip Yayinevi, 2023) Davarci, Ismail; Eryildiz, Canan; Mert, Habibe Tulin Elmaslar; Davarci, Pinar Zehra; Hatipoglu, Osman Nuri; Kirilmaz, Eda; Ekuklu, Galip
    Introduction: To ensure the safe continuation of face-to-face education, there is ongoing discussion regarding the routine use of easily applicable tests. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the COVID-19 rapid antigen tests in the early diagnosis of COVID19 cases among university students studying face-to-face. Materials and Methods: Our study spanned a duration of eight weeks and included students from three different departments within a faculty. The first group of students underwent rapid antigen tests twice a week, with positive results confirmed by PCR testing. The second group was visited twice a week, and students displaying symptoms underwent both rapid antigen and PCR tests. The third group was monitored solely through the use of Hayat Eve Sigar (Life Fits Into Home) codes. To identify asymptomatic cases and students who did not report their symptoms in the second group, all volunteers on the final day of the study underwent screening using rapid antigen tests. The groups were compared based on the obtained results, and a questionnaire was administered to the students during each visit. This approach allowed for the investigation of factors associated with positive cases.Results: A total of 274 students participated in our study, with 114 (41.6%) in the first group, 96 (35.0%) in the second group, and 64 (23.4%) in the third group. The rate of detecting the cases in the first group was significantly higher than in the second and third Conclusion: The obtained findings indicate that COVID-19 rapid antigen tests, as mentioned, can serve as a screening tool for the early detection of cases and prevention of further spread among students during face-to-face education. These results align with the criteria established by international organizations and epidemiological standards. By screening all participating students, the potential for bias is minimized, enabling the identification of asymptomatic individuals who may unknowingly transmit the virus.
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    Evaluation of Antibody Response After Vaccination with Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Health Workers
    (Bilimsel Tip Yayinevi, 2021) Davarci, Ismail; Eryildiz, Canan; Gurcan, Saban
    COVID-19, which emerged in Wuhan in December 2019 and spread all over the world, is an infectious disease. Vaccine studies have been started rapidly by many centers. One of them is the inactive CoronaVac vaccine of Sinovac Company. Turkey has given approval for the emergency use of CoronaVac. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the antibody responses to the vaccine in health workers who work in high-risk departments for COVID-19 in our university and are vaccinated with CoronaVac. Health workers participating in the study were divided into the vaccine group and control group. Forty-one people from the vaccine group and 12 people from the control group volunteered to our study. The vaccine and control group samples taken 14 days after the first dose of vaccine were studied with anti SARS-CoV-2 IgG (Euroimmun, Germany). The antibody levels of four people in the vaccine group could not be examined after the second dose of vaccine due to reasons such as resignation and annual permit. Antibody levels were not measured in the control group after the second dose of vaccine. The antibody level after the first dose was found to be 9.8% and 0% in the vaccine group and control group, respectively. After the second dose of the vaccine, this rate was found to be 94.6% in the vaccine group. Based on the current findings, it is thought that a single dose of the vaccine cannot produce an antibody response at the desired rate in the study group, and it is essential to comply with personal protection rules until social immunity reaches the desired levels.
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    Investigation of Carbapenemase Genes and Clonal Relationship in Carbapenem Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains
    (Bezmialem Vakif Univ, 2019) Samasti, Mustafa; Kocoglu, Mucahide Esra; Davarci, Ismail; Vahaboglu, Haluk; Caskurlu, Hulya
    Objective: Resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from health-related infections are a worldwide problem. Increasing Frequency of infections particularly caused by Enterobacteriaceae producing expanded spectrum beta lactamase, leads to the use of more carbapenem group antibiotics which, in turn, leads to bacterial resistance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate carbapenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumaniae (K. pneumoniae) isolates, the mechanisms causing this resistance and the clonal relationship between these isolates. Methods: Ninety-one K. pneurnolliae strains isolated from clinical samples obtained in our laboratory were included to the study. The identification of the bacteria was performed with Matriks assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (bioMerieux, Marcy-I'Etoile, France) and antimicrobial susceptibility with VITEK-2 (bioMerieux), and the carhapenem resistance was confirmed by ertapenem E-test (bioMerieux). Reverse transcription polymerise chain reaction method was used for the investigation of genes causing carbapenemase production (bla(OXA-)(48), bla(NDM-1), bla(KPC), bla(IMP), bla(VIM-1)). The clonal relationship between isolates was investigated by pulsed-field jel elektroforez. Results: In carbapenem resistant isolates, bla(OXA-)(48) positivity was found to be 55 % , bla(NDM-1) positivity 37.4%, bla(KPC) and bla(VIM-1) positivity 1.1%. A total of 10 isolates was identified with different resistance genes. In 73 of the isolates included in the study, the clonal relationship was examined, and 16 different groups were identified. Twenty isolates were not clonally associated with any other isolates. The most common resistance mechanism causing the carbapenem resistance was bia(OXA-48) gene that is known to be endemic in Turkey. Conclusion: As a result, the carbapenem resistance that we found as 3.13% in our study is similar to the rates obtained in other studies performed in our country which indicates that this resistance is not at a high level yet in our country. However, the ability of carbapenem resistance genes to spread between strains can he a major problem in the near future. Molecular methods arc gold standard in carbapenemase detection, but because of having high cost they can not be used in laboratories routinely. Modified Hodge test or carbapenemase inactivation test are alternative tests with low costs that can be used in the determination of carbapenemase.
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    Tularemia seroprevalence in humans in the region of the Hittite-Arzawa War (Inner Aegean Region), where the fiirst biological weapon was used 3300 years ago
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2023) Davarci, Ismail; Eryildiz, Canan; Renders, Duygu Percin; Berberoglu, Ufuk; Gurcan, Saban
    Background/aim: According to Egyptian records, tularemia emerged in the Canaan region, where it was first identified and spread to Anatolia over the Euphrates. It was used as an active biological weapon for the first time in the Hittite-Arzawa War in 1320-1318 BC. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of tularemia in the Inner Aegean Region, which is thought to be the region where this war was fought 3300 years ago.Materials and methods: Tularemia seropositivity in humans was investigated in 27 villages/neighborhoods in 3 districts in each of Manisa, Kiltahya, and Usak provinces. Before the study, the participants were informed about the disease via posters, and their blood samples were taken following filling out the questionnaire. Microagglutination tests were performed using in-house tularemia antigen and V plate for serological experiments. Rose-Bengal test was also performed on seropositive sera.Results: Of the total of 410 people, 226 (55.12%) were male. The mean age of the volunteers was 43.72 years. The highest participation was from Kiltahya Province. According to the results of the tularemia microagglutination test, seropositivity was detected in 6 cases. It was determined that all of the seropositive volunteers were in Kiltahya. When the tularemia antibody titers were examined, seropositivity was determined at 1/20-1/160 titers. No positivity was detected in the Rose-Bengal test for cross-reaction.Conclusion: Kiltahya has been identified as a risky region in terms of tularemia in the Inner Aegean Region. In order to use the resources in the country economically, first of all, the risk areas in terms of tularemia should be determined by serological studies in all regions. In order to increase awareness about the disease, physicians and filiation teams should be trained in risky areas. Surveillance studies should be conducted to identify and monitor possible sources in areas identified as risky.