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    A facile approach for the fabrication of antibacterial nanocomposites: A case study for AgNWs/Poly(1,4-Cyclohexanedimethylene Acetylene Dicarboxylate) composite networks by aza-Michael addition
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2022) Altinkok, Cagatay; Acik, Gokhan; Daglar, Ozgun; Durmaz, Hakan; Tunc, Ilknur; Agel, Esra
    Nanotechnological improvements allow the production of new generation materials among which nanocomposite-based polymers are increasingly applied for wide variety of applications due to the demand increment of improving life quality of mankind. This article describes a simple, facile and fast route which could be adopted for the synthesis of metal nanocomposite materials with a variety of polymers. In this purpose, the cysteamine compound containing an amine (NH2) and a thiol (-SH) functional groups was incorporated onto silver nanowires (NH2-AgNWs). Next, poly(1,4-Cyclohexanedimethylene Acetylene Dicarboxylate) (PCA) possessing electron deficient internal alkyne moiety is synthesized starting from acetylene dicarboxylic acid (ADCA). Finally, one-pot aza-Michael addition is then realized between prepared NH2-AgNWs and synthesized PCA to achieve a series of cross-linked antibacterial nanocomposite networks (PCA:NH2-AgNWs = 1; 5; 10 wt%). The nanocomposites and intermediates are fully characterized by Fourier transform infrared and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (FT-IR, 1H NMR) spectroscopies, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analyses (TGA and DSC) and antibacterial test. The results reveal that the higher content of AgNWs in the network has occasioned the enhancement in thermostability and glass transition temperature. The antibacterial efficacy tests against Escherichia coli (E. coli, G) and Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus, G +) further indicate that higher rate of inhibition is attained for nanocomposite network including 10 wt% AgNWs compared to others and pristine PCA. Consequently, a polyester based AgNWs/PCA nanocomposite with antibacterial activity has been considered as a versatile candidate for various promising nanocomposite applications.
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    A new strategy for direct solution electrospinning of phosphorylated poly (vinyl chloride)/polyethyleneimine blend in alcohol media
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2023) Altinkok, Cagatay; Sagdic, Gokhan; Daglar, Ozgun; Ayra, Merve Ercan; Durmaz, Yasemin Yuksel; Durmaz, Hakan; Acik, Gokhan
    Phosphorylated poly(vinyl chloride) (PPVC)/polyethyleneimine (PEI)-based nanofibers were produced via electrospinning in their blended solutions for the first time. For this purpose, PVC was partially converted into PVC-N3 and the PVC-N3 is then reacted with bis(diethoxyphosphoryl) acetylene (BDPA) via metal-free azide--alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction to achieve the alcohol-soluble PPVC. PPVC and PEI solutions at certain concentrations prepared in methanol were electrospun from a single syringe at 90/10 and 85/15 vol ratios without phase separation. The accuracy of the modifications conducted on PVC was proven by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR and 13C NMR) spectros-copies and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), respectively. The achieved nanofibers and their intermediates were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), water contact angle (WCA) measurement, ther-mogravimetric (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses.The blood interaction of PPVC-PEI was evaluated through hemolysis and platelet activation assay, since most of the biomedical applications of PVC derivatives have close contact with blood. The results showed that PPVC-PEI nanofibers provide a safer surface for platelet with lower hemolytic activity compared to PPVC nanofibers. Therefore, PPVC-PEI-based electrospun nanofibers obtained by such an effective strategy exhibited a promising perspective for scientists in various biomedical purposes.