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    Approach to cardiovascular disease in women
    (Kare Publ, 2018) Acar, Rezzan Deniz; Aktoz, Meryem; Atamaner, Oya; Aytekin, Saide; Polat, Evin Bozcali; Celik, Hulya Gamze; Celik, Omer
    Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women is still not completely understood by either patients or physicians. It is perceived as a health problem that becomes manifest only after menopause; however, it is the most frequent cause of mortality in women and is often seen at an earlier age in the presence of risk factors. Moreover, the symptoms, course, and prognosis are quite different from those seen in men, and both physicians and patients remain inadequately aware of the character of the disease. In the approach to female patients, some risk factors inherent to women should be considered in addition to the classic factors. In this review article, aspects of CVD that are different in women, etiological factors, risk factors specific to women, and particular points to be taken into consideration in the treatment and diagnosis are illustrated in the form of questions and responses from experts.
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    Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography vs cardiac magnetic resonance in the assessment of planimetric mitral valve area in rheumatic mitral stenosis
    (WILEY, 2018) Uygur, Begum; Celik, Omer; Ustabasioglu, Fethi Emre; Akinci, Okan; Erturk, Mehmet
    AimRheumatic heart disease is a common cause of valvular disease, especially in developing countries. Echocardiography is the gold standard investigation modality for cardiac valves. In rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS), three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D TEE) provides better alignment of the image plane at the mitral tips and more accurate and reproducible planimetric measurement of mitral valve area (MVA). Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is a new method that provides evaluation of cardiac anatomy and function noninvasively. Previous studies showed strong correlation between planimetric MVA measured by two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography and CMR. We aimed to compare the planimetric MVAs assessed by 3D TEE and CMR in rheumatic MS patients. To best of our knowledge, this is the first study that compares 3D TEE and CMR for the assessment of the planimetric MVA in rheumatic MS. MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 28 rheumatic MS patients who underwent 3D TEE and ECG-gated CMR. 3D TEE planimetric MVAs were measured manually by multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) method and CMR planimetric MVAs were measured manually on short-axis cine images. Then, 3D TEE and CMR measurements were compared. ResultsA total of 28 patients' (mean age 4412, 82.1% female) planimetric 3D TEE MVAs (1.00 +/- 0.20cm(2)) and CMR MVAs (1.04 +/- 0.17cm(2)) were found to be highly correlated (P<0.0001, r: 0.744) with Pearson correlation analysis. Bland-Altman analysis showed strong agreement between two techniques. ConclusionFor the diagnosis and the follow-up of rheumatic MS, planimetric CMR MVA is an alternative noninvasive method which highly correlates with planimetric 3D TEE MVA.