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Öğe A behavioral analysis of achromatic cue perception by the ant Cataglyphis aenescens (Hymenoptera; Formicidae)(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2014) Aksoy, Volkan; Camlitepe, YilmazBehavioral responses of Cataglyphis aenescens foragers to various monochromatic light stimuli were tested. Foragers were trained to associate lights of 370 (UV), 440 (blue), 540 (green), and 640 nm (red) with a food reward on a circular orientation platform and were then tested to determine the threshold intensity values of these wavelengths they could perceive. Foragers significantly responded to all wavelengths at training intensities but their homeward orientation diminished with decreasing stimulus intensity. The results showed that UV and green lights could be perceived at lower intensities compared to blue and red lights. Foragers were further trained in a Y-maze apparatus to discriminate 2 monochromatic light stimuli of the same wavelength but different in their intensities. The results showed that they failed to make a significant discrimination except for the 440 and 640 nm pairs. Overall results revealed a broad spectral sensitivity for foragers ranging from at least 370 nm (UV) to 640 nm (red) mediated by both chromatic and achromatic cue perception.Öğe Behavioural analysis of chromatic and achromatic vision in the ant Formica cunicularia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2012) Aksoy, Volkan; Camlitepe, YilmazResponses of Formica cunicularia foragers to monochromatic light stimuli of 370, 440, 540, 590 and 640 nm were evaluated in different experimental conditions using a Y-maze apparatus and a circular orientation platform. The results showed that foragers responded significantly to all test wavelengths at certain intensities but could only discriminate 370 and 540 nm from alternatives irrespective of intensity changes. Furthermore, they were also capable of discriminating two long wavelengths, 590 and 640 nm, using a photon catch mechanism by their green photoreceptors. Foragers also discriminated stimuli pairs of same wavelengths based only on intensity differences they provide. The overall results show that F. cunicularia foragers have a dichromatic colour vision system based on inputs of two possible photoreceptor types sensitive to UV and green. The results also yielded evidence showing that their visual systems provided foragers a sensitivity also for wavelengths corresponding to blue and red ranges of the spectrum. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Distribution and Conservation Status of the European Red Wood Ant Species Formica pratensis Retzius, 1783 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in (European) Turkey(Gazi Entomological Research Soc, 2019) Camlitepe, Yilmaz; Aksoy, VolkanThe European Red Wood ant Formica pratensis Retzius, 1793 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is a mound building ant species distributed in a number of countries in Europe and is listed in IUCN Red List of Threatened species with near-threatened status. The distributional range of the species in Turkey covers only the Thrace Region of the country. In the present study, we performed a three-stepped (inventory, monitoring and conservation) study to determine the current distribution of the species in the region and to propose a national red list status for the species. During the inventory and monitoring studies, a total of 340 localities were inspected in the region thoroughly for the presence of the colonies and a total of 89 colonies were recorded of which 20 died during the study period. The extent of occurrence (EOO) and area of occupancy (AOO) of the species were also measured. According to the evaluation of the distributional data, F. pratensis was assessed as Vulnerable (VU) in Thrace Region in Turkey following the criteria B1b (i, ii, iii, iv) due to the small AOO and EOO. The possible threats acting on the species were also discussed.Öğe Effects of genetic relatedness, spatial distance, and context on intraspecific aggression in the red wood ant Formica pratensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2018) Aksoy, Volkan; Camlitepe, YilmazIn the present study, we tested the level of aggression of monodomous and polydomous colonies of the wood ant Formica pratensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a behavioral assay in nature and laboratory conditions to see if the ants from neighboring colonies are more tolerant or more aggressive to each other than those from greater distances. We also tested how context (nature and laboratory conditions) affected aggression. Our results showed that the monodomous colonies were highly aggressive to all neighboring or nonneighboring conspecifics in nature irrespective of the spatial distance. The polydomous colony showed no aggression towards neighboring conspecifics but the level of aggression increased with increasing spatial distance between the colonies. The level of aggression of tested colonies in laboratory conditions was significantly low, irrespective of whether they were monodomous or polydomous, indicating that aggression is context dependent. A DNA barcoding technique based on mitochondrial COI gene sequencing was applied to determine the genetic relatedness between the colonies. The results of the genetic analysis, in combination with results of behavioral assays, revealed that aggression behavior of the polydomous colony was affected by both the genetic relatedness and the spatial distance between the colonies while there was no clear separation of effects of genetic relatedness and spatial distance on aggression in the monodomous colonies.Öğe Eye structure, activity rhythms, and visually-driven behavior are tuned to visual niche in ants(Frontiers Media Sa, 2014) Yilmaz, Ayse; Aksoy, Volkan; Camlitepe, Yilmaz; Giurfa, MartinInsects have evolved physiological adaptations and behavioral strategies that allow them to cope with a broad spectrum of environmental challenges and contribute to their evolutionary success. Visual performance plays a key role in this success. Correlates between life style and eye organization have been reported in various insect species. Yet, if and how visual ecology translates effectively into different visual discrimination and learning capabilities has been less explored. Here we report results from optical and behavioral analyses performed in two sympatric ant species, Formica cunicularia and Camponotus aethiops. We show that the former are diurnal while the latter are cathemeral. Accordingly, F cunicularia workers present compound eyes with higher resolution, while C. aethiops workers exhibit eyes with lower resolution but higher sensitivity. The discrimination and learning of visual stimuli differs significantly between these species in controlled dual-choice experiments: discrimination learning of small-field visual stimuli is achieved by F cunicularia but not by C. aethiops, while both species master the discrimination of large-field visual stimuli. Our work thus provides a paradigmatic example about how timing of foraging activities and visual environment match the organization of compound eyes and visually driven behavior. This correspondence underlines the relevance of an ecological/evolutionary framework for analyses in behavioral neuroscience.Öğe First evidence of predation of the ant species Lasius alienus on the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae(Acarologia-Universite Paul Valery, 2021) Kar, Sirri; Akyildiz, Gurkan; Sirin, Deniz; Rodriguez, Sergio E.; Camlitepe, YilmazThe poultry red mite (PRM), Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778) (Acari: Dermanyssidae), is a common and significant ectoparasite of the poultry industry worldwide. Although various biological, chemical, and physical methods have been attempted, an utterly successful control strategy has not been put forward yet. Our experimental investigations and observations revealed that the ant species Lasius alienus displays an effective predatory behavior on all biological stages of PRM. Our results also suggested that L. alienus is attracted by PRM-infested substrate at a distance. We concluded that predation by the ant on PRM is worth further investigation as it could possibly be an effective biological control strategy.Öğe First Record of The South European Rare Parasitic Ant Species Camponotus universitatis Forel (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Asia(Gazi Entomological Research Soc, 2015) Karaman, Celal; Kiran, Kadri; Aksoy, Volkan; Camlitepe, YilmazCamponotus universitatis was the only known inquiline parasitic species of the genus Camponotus until C. ruseni, a putative parasitic species, was recently described by Karaman in 2012. C. universitatis has been recorded so far only from the southern Europe (Spain, France, Italy, Switzerland, Albania and Bulgaria) by a few studies. Despite the Bulgarian record of the C. universitatis is from the Strandzha Mountains which lies very close to the Turkish boundary, the species has not yet been recorded from Turkey up to date. In this study, we recorded C. universitatis from Konya-Ak ehir-Engili Village (Central Anatolia) representing the first record of the species in Asia.Öğe Mapping the distribution of the European Red Wood Ant in Turkey and its key factors in conservation planning(Arak Univ, Arak, 2023) Dumlu, Cansu; Camlitepe, YilmazIn this study, 82 nests in the Thrace region, the only distribution area of the European redwood ant (Formica pratensis Retzius,1783) in Turkey, were identified and monitored for two years. A nest ID was created for each nest, showing nest features, strategic location, habitat characteristics and some morphometric differences of workers. The species ' living areas (area of occupancy, AOO) and extension of occurrence (EOO) calculations were also carried out. Statistical analyses were carried out to show the relationships between these features. The results demonstrated that the optimum distribution of the nests is between 300-600 m, and the nests are mainly located at a distance of 0-200 m close to the water source. Nests are mostly built facing south in open areas in fields or forests, and the B-shaped nest is the most frequently observed nest morphology. Moreover, colony individuals frequently visit oak and blackberry species, and the Thracian population tends to form monodomous nests at a rate of 95%. The relationship between the morphological characteristics of ants (NHLI, NBH, LBH and HW), nest altitude data, and the distance of nests to water sources and forest areas was tested with Spearman rank correlation analysis, and a weak reverse correlation was found between the averages of NBH data and nest altitudes (r:-0.300; p<0.05), at 95% confidence interval. Accordingly, the AOO of the species in the Thrace region was calculated as 50,176 m2 and the EOO was 3,682 km2. All nests are shown on political maps, and applicable maps have been created in which buffer zoning and conservation areas are suggested. In total, 36 conservation and awareness training types were also carried out in two years, reaching 1201 students, and 92% awareness was created. Our results indicate that the nests cannot remain stable for many years due to intense human pressure.Öğe A MOSQUITO SURVEY OF CULICIDAE SPECIES AT EDIRNE CENTRAL DISTRICT FOR DISEASE VECTOR(Trakya Univ Balkan Yerlesesi Enstituler Binasi, 2022) Sakaci, Zafer; Camlitepe, YilmazMosquitoes are the major vectors that can transmit many diseases agents to humans and animals. This study was conducted in Edirne central district between July 2017 and July 2018 to identify important mosquito vector species, to determine their seasonality and distribution pattern in general terms. Larvae, pupae, and adults were collected from areas assessed as being particularly suitable for medically important species of the genus Aedes Meigen, Culex Linnaeus, and Anopheles Meigen. In addition to the foci naturally found in the areas, ovitraps placed in suitable places for ovipositing were also used. As a result, a total of 3155 females and 353 males belonging to 11 species of 5 genera were obtained. Among these species, Anopheles sacharovi Favre (the primary vector of malaria in Turkey) and Culex pipiens s.l. Linnaeus (the primary vector of West Nile Fever) has been recognized as a public health threat to the province. Anopheles sacharovi was present at a very low population level, while Cx. pipiens s.l. was determined as the most common and numerous species in the study area. Known to have a high preference for warmer climate compared to members of the Anopheles maculipennis s.l. Meigen, An. sacharovi has the risk of increasing its population in the region with possible global warming in the future. The importance of this risk increases even more since rice production is widespread especially in Edirne and this species can use the paddy fields as an effective breeding place. While Aedes caspius Pallas was commonly encountered, Aedes albopictus Skuse was not found during the field observation and ovitrap controls.Öğe A new species of the genus Camponotus (Mayr) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Turkey(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2017) Karaman, Celal; Kiran, Kadri; Aksoy, Volkan; Camlitepe, YilmazA new species, Camponotus praegracilis Karaman et Kiran sp. nov. is described; it is a member of the subgenus Tanaemyrmex, from the most species-rich ant genus in Turkey. Some biological notes for the new species are also given. Diagnostic characters of the new species, distinguishing the new species from the most similar species, are also described.Öğe Predation of ant species Lasius alienus on tick eggs: impacts of egg wax coating and tick species(Nature Portfolio, 2022) Kar, Sirri; Sirin, Deniz; Akyildiz, Gurkan; Sakaci, Zafer; Talay, Sengul; Camlitepe, YilmazSeveral animal species, including ants, have been reported to be capable of predation on ticks. However, determining factors in most interactions between ticks and predators have not yet been fully deciphered. We hypothesized that the ant species Lasius alienus, which is unknown whether it has any impact on ticks, may exhibit predation on the eggs of tick species Hyalomma marginatum, H. excavatum, and Rhipicephalus bursa, and that the tick egg wax can be the main determinant in possible predation. In the study, 6300 tick eggs with the natural wax coating (waxed/untreated) and 2700 dewaxed tick eggs, the wax of which was removed in the laboratory, were repeatedly presented to the foraging workers belonging to three different ant nests in their natural habitat. Depending on the tick species and trials, the rate of the eggs carried by the ants ranged from 12.8 to 52.1% in the waxed and from 59.8 to 78.4% in the dewaxed eggs. It was observed that the dewaxing process both increased the interest of the ants in the eggs and resulted in a reduction in the variation associated with tick species. This study showed that L. alienus has a predatory effect on tick eggs, the severity of this impact is closely associated with the tick species, the tick-associated difference is caused by the species-specific property of the egg wax, and the variety in the protective effects of the wax seems to be an evolutional result of the biological and ecological adaptation process of the species.Öğe Spectral sensitivities of ants - a review(Brill, 2018) Aksoy, Volkan; Camlitepe, YilmazAnts constitute one of the most intriguing animal groups with their advanced social lifes, different life histories and sensory modalities, one of which is vision. Chemosensation dominates all other modalities in the accomplishment of different vital tasks, but vision, varying from total blindness in some species to a relatively well-developed vision providing ants the basis for visually-guided behaviors, is also of importance. Although studies on ant vision mainly focused on recognition of and guidance by landmark cues in artificial and/or natural conditions, spectral sensitivities of their compound eyes and ocelli were also disclosed, but to a lesser extent. In this review, we have tried to present current data on the spectral sensitivities of the different ant species tested so far and the different methodological approaches. The results, as well as the similarities and/or discrepancies of the methodologies applied, were compared. General tendencies in ants' spectral sensitivities are presented in a comparative manner and the role of opsins and ant ocelli in their spectral sensitivity is discussed in addition to the sensitivity of ants to long wavelengths. Extraocular sensitivity was also shown in some ant species. The advantages and/or disadvantages of a dichromatic and trichromatic color vision system are discussed from an ecological perspective.