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Öğe Acute histopathological responses of testicular tissues after different fractionated abdominal irradiation in rats(Informa Healthcare, 2015) Akdere, Hakan; Caloglu, Vuslat Yurut; Tastekin, Ebru; Caloglu, Murat; Turkkan, Gorkem; Mericliler, Meric; Burgazli, Kamil MehmetPurpose: To compare the effects of different fractionated doses of abdominal radiation therapy on acute histopathological responses of testicular tissues in rats. Methods: Thirty-three 3-week-old Wistar albino rats were randomized into 6 groups: group 1 (n = 5), control; group 2 (n = 4), hypofractionated total abdominal irradiation (TAI) of 6 Gy/1 fraction/day for 2 days; group 3 (n = 6), hypofractionated TAI of 4 Gy/1 fraction/day for 3 days; group 4 (n = 6), hypofractionated TAI of 3 Gy/1 fraction/day for 4 days; group 5 (n = 6), conventionally fractionated TAI of 2 Gy/1 fraction/day for 6 days; group 6 (n = 6), conventionally fractionated TAI of 1.7 Gy/1 fraction/day for 7 days. Mean epithelial length and diameter of seminiferous tubules of testicular tissues were determined after euthanasia. Results: Initially, a highly significant decrease in both the mean tubular diameter and epithelial height of the seminiferous tubules was demonstrated in all irradiated rats compared with the control group. No significant differences regarding both damage parameters were found between different hypofractionated radiation therapies. Both conventional radiation therapies reduced the epithelial height and mean diameter of the seminiferous tubules to a lesser extent when compared with 6 Gy/1 fraction/day hypofractionated therapy. It was further shown that parameter values were comparable between rats that received 3 Gy/day hypofractionated therapy and rats that received either of the two conventional therapies. Furthermore, although 4 Gy/day hypofractionation decreased tubular diameter and epithelial length to a greater degree compared with the conventional therapy of 1.7 Gy/1 fraction/day, no statistically significant difference was found when compared with conventional therapy of 2 Gy/1 fraction/day. Additionally, no statistically significant difference was demonstrated between the two types of conventional radiotherapy application. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that hypofractionated abdominal irradiation leads to more prominent tissue damage in the testes than conventional irradiation.Öğe Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer Presenting as Solitary Testicular Metastasis on 68Ga-Labeled Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Ligand Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2018) Aktas, Gul Ege; Caloglu, Vuslat Yurut; Akdere, Hakan; Tutug, Busem Binboga; Altun, Guelay DurmusProstate adenocarcinoma (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in the male population, with the most common sites for secondary lesions being the lymph nodes, bones, and lungs. Testicular metastases from PCa are very rare and mostly identified incidentally after therapeutic orchiectomy for advanced PCa or during autopsy. Here we present a case involving a 64-year-old man with biochemical recurrence of castrated oligometastatic PCa that presented as solitary testicular metastasis on Ga-68-PSMA ligand positron emission tomography/computed tomography.Öğe Evaluation of Nutritional Status and Anxiety Levels in Patients Applying to the Radiation Oncology Outpatient Clinic during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Turkish Society for Radiation Oncology Group Study (TROD 12:02)(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Caloglu, Vuslat Yurut; Akmansu, Muge; Yalman, Deniz; Gul, Sule Karabulut; Kocak, Zafer; Alicikus, Zumre Arican; Serarslan, AlparslanCancer patients often face malnutrition, which negatively affects their response to cancer treatment. This study aims to analyze the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on nutritional status and anxiety in cancer patients with different types and stages of cancer. This is a cross-sectional cohort study that includes 1,252 patients with varying cancer types from 17 radiation oncology centers. The nutritional risk scores (NRS-2002) and coronavirus anxiety scale (CAS) scores of all patients were measured. NRS-2002 >= 3 and CAS >= 5 were accepted as values at risk. Of all patients, 15.3% had NRS-2002 >= 3. Breast cancer was the most prevalent cancer type (24.5%) with the lowest risk of nutrition (4.9%, p < 0.001). Nutritional risk was significantly higher in patients with gastrointestinal cancer, head and neck cancer, and lung cancer (p < 0.005) and in patients with stage IV disease (p < 0.001). High anxiety levels (CAS >= 5) were significantly related to voluntary avoidance and clinical postponement of hospital visits due to the pandemic (p < 0.001), while clinical postponement was particularly frequent among patients with NRS-2002 < 3 (p = 0.0021). Fear and anxiety in cancer patients with COVID-19 cause hesitations in visiting hospitals, leading to disrupted primary and nutritional treatments. Thus, nutritional monitoring and treatment monitoring of cancer patients are crucial during and after radiotherapy.Öğe Evaluation of Risk Groups for the Prediction of Biochemical Progression in Patients Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy(Galenos Publ House, 2022) Madendere, Serdar; Turkkan, Gorkem; Arda, Ersan; Caloglu, Vuslat Yurut; Kuyumcuoglu, UgurObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential relationship between biochemical progression and prognostic risk factors in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). Materials and Methods: After inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied, 216 patients who underwent RP were included in this study. Follow-up protocol included prostate specific antigen (PSA) measurements; every 3 months for the first year, every 6 months for the second year, and an annual check after 2 years. Preoperative and postoperative PSA measurements, pathological stage, Gleason score (GS), extraprostatic extension, positive surgical margins and seminal vesicle invasion were evaluated. Uni- and multivariable analyses were used to detect the relationship between biochemical progression, biochemical progression-free survival (BPFS) and prognostic risk factors. Results: Median follow-up was 29 months. Biochemical progression was observed in 39 (18.1%) patients, in 18 (9.7%) of 185 patients with first postoperative PSA level of <0.2 ng/dL, and 21 (67.7%) of 31 patients with first postoperative PSA level of >= 0.2 ng/dL. Patients with first postoperative PSA level of >= 0.2 ng/dL had a statistically significant higher risk of biochemical progression and shorter BPFS (odds ratio: 2.41; 95% confidence interval: 1.84-3.10; p<0.001), in univariate and multivariate analyses. Patients with GS =8 or T3-4 or positive surgical margins had a statistically significant higher risk of biochemical progression (p<0.001, p=0.003, p<0.001). Conclusion: Postoperative PSA level higher than >= 0.2 ng/dL was the most important predictor of biochemical progression and BPFS after RP. GS >= 8, T3-4 stages, and positive surgical margins are also related to biochemical progression.Öğe The histopathological comparison of L-carnitine with amifostine for protective efficacy on radiation-induced acute small intestinal toxicity(Medknow Publications, 2012) Caloglu, Murat; Caloglu, Vuslat Yurut; Yalta, Tulin; Yalcin, Omer; Uzal, CemBackground: The aim of the study was to compare the protective efficacy of l-carnitine (LC) to amifostine on radiation-induced acute small intestine damage. Materials and Methods: Thirty, 4-week-old Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to four groups - Group 1: control (CONT, n = 6), Group 2: irradiation alone (RT, n = 8), Group 3: amifostine plus irradiation (AMIRT, n = 8), and Group 4: l-Carnitine plus irradiation (LCRT, n = 8). The rats in all groups were irradiated individually with a single dose of 20 Gy to the total abdomen, except those in CONT. LC (300 mg/kg) or amifostine (200 mg/kg) was used 30 min before irradiation. Histopathological analysis of small intestine was carried out after euthanasia. Results: Pretreatment with amifostine reduced the radiation-induced acute degenerative damage (P = 0.009) compared to the RT group. Pretreatment with LC did not obtain any significant difference compared to the RT group. The vascular damage significantly reduced in both of the AMIRT (P = 0.003) and LCRT group (P = 0.029) compared to the RT group. The overall damage score was significantly lower in the AMIRT group than the RT group (P = 0.009). There was not any significant difference between the LCRT and RT group. Conclusions: Amifostine has a marked radioprotective effect against all histopathological changes on small intestinal tissue while LC has limited effects which are mainly on vascular structure.Öğe Primary unknown solitary brain metastasis: brain recurrence alone(Kare Publ, 2007) Bayir Angin, Goden; Saynak, Mert; Kocak, Zafer; Ozen, Alaattin; Alas, Rusen Cosar; Caloglu, Vuslat Yurut; Caloglu, MuratA 53-year-old male patient presented with complaints of headache and paresis in left arm. Cranial computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a mass in the right parietal region. The solitary tumor was removed by craniotomy. Histological examination showed that it was a squamous cell carcinoma metastasis. The patient subsequently underwent whole brain radiotherapy for a total dose of 30 Gy in 10 fractions and conventional external-beam boost irradiation of 10 Gy in 5 fractions to the tumor margins. He remained disease free until 23 months later. He returned to our clinic with left arm paresis after 24 months. In the left parietal lobe a new lesion was determined on his MRI scan. Partial brain reirradiation at a dose of 25 Gy in 10 fractions was performed. There was a partial regression of symptoms after radiotherapy. In the light of this patient, we reviewed the literature and discussed the treatment strategies of patients with solitary brainmetastasis.Öğe Prognostic Value of Angiogenesis and Survivin Expression in Patients with Glioblastoma(Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2016) Tastekin, Ebru; Caloglu, Vuslat Yurut; Oz Puyan, Fulya; Tokuc, Burcu; Caloglu, Murat; Yalta, Tulin Deniz; Can, NurayAIM: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and the most aggressive primary brain tumor with poor prognosis. We aimed to evaluate the association between immunohistochemical expression of survivin and angiogenic parameters (microvessel density and vascular pattern) in patients who underwent surgery for GBM. MATERIAL and METHODS: The pathology reports and also clinical and follow-up data of patients with GBM were retrospectively evaluated. Control tissues were obtained from the archive for each antibody (Survivin, CD 34). Then, control staining of these antibodies was performed. Vessels were evaluated according to the standardized assessment of vascular pattern. RESULTS: Mean survival for classical vascular pattern was longer than bizarre vascular pattern (p<0.001). The survival time of patients decreased with increasing score of survivin staining. There was a significant correlation between survivin and survival time (p<0.001). There was no significant correlation between microvessel density and survival time (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: With these findings, it is considered that high expression of survivin, bizarre vascular pattern and development of secondary GBM correlates with the low survival rates, however microvessel density has no correlation with the survival rates. Since only malignant cells express survivin, it might be a target protein for the development of novel therapies.Öğe Survivin expression, HPV positivity and microvessel density in oropharyngeal carcinomas and relationship with survival time(Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2017) Tastekin, Ebru; Caloglu, Vuslat Yurut; Durankus, Nilufer Kilic; Sut, Necdet; Turkkan, Gorkem; Can, Nuray; Puyan, Fulya OzIntroduction: Among head and neck cancers, those of the oral cavity and oropharynx are the second most prevalent following the larynx. This study aimed to research immunohistochemical expression of survivin, HPV positivity and microvessel density in tumors and their relationships with prognosis. Material and methods: Pathological materials and demographic properties of 46 patients were retrospectively evaluated. Survivin, HPV and CD34 (for microvessel density evaluation) antibodies were applied tumoral tissues. Survival times, clinical stage and differentiation were evaluated. Results: In univariate analysis, we observed that survivin, microvessel density and stage were significantly associated with survival time (p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, only survivin and microvessel density were associated with survival time (p < 0.05). But we did not find significant correlation between neither tumor differentiation nor HPV positivity and survival (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Survivin levels and microvessel density were found to be effective prognostic factors and were related to survival in oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers. Treatments targeting survivin expression and angiogenesis might be employed against these tumor groups.
