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    Factors associated with childhood constipation
    (Blackwell Publishing, 2007) Inan, Mustafa; Aydiner, Cagatay Y.; Tokuc, Burcu; Aksu, Burhan; Ayvaz, Suleyman; Ayhan, Sinan; Ceylan, Turan
    Aim: To evaluate factors associated with constipation, determine its risk factors and identify common methods of managing constipation among schoolchildren from ages 7-12 in Edirne, Turkey. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study and 1900 children were stratified by the school population, age and gender. The questionnaire collected information from parents about the prevalence of constipation and associated factors as well. It asked about bowel movements, socio-demographic data, personal and family stressors, parental concern about constipation, and treatment methods. Results: The overall prevalence of constipation was 7.2%. It was 7.3% in boys and 7.2% in girls (P > 0.05). The parameters of siblings with health problems, constipation history in family members, abnormal oral habits, and little regular sporting activity were more common in constipated children than in non-constipated ones (P < 0.05). In the logistic regression analysis, never having used school toilets (OR: 5.9) and having problem to control their bowel after 2 years of age (OR: 3.1) were found to be major risk factors for constipation in schoolchildren ages 7-12 years. Constipated children had a lower consumption rate of fruits and vegetables and a higher consumption rate of milk-group foods, biscuits and macaroni than non-constipated children. Parental concern was at 90% and the rate of medical consultation was 23.2% for constipated children. Conclusions: The risk factors for childhood constipation may be genetic, psychological or organic. Bowel functions may be affected by dietary habits. Parents, health and education professionals should give special attention to childhood constipation.
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    Prevalence of cryptorchidism, retractile testis and orchiopexy in school children
    (Karger, 2008) Inan, Mustafa; Aydiner, Cagatay Yalcin; Tokuc, Burcu; Aksu, Burhan; Ayhan, Sinan; Ayvaz, Suleyman; Ceylan, Turan
    Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cryptorchidism, retractile testis and orchiopexy and investigate the effects of these clinical conditions on testicular volume among schoolchildren aged 7 - 12 years. Methods: It was a cross- sectional and descriptive study. The participants were stratified by school population and age and 1,800 questionnaires were distributed. The inguinoscrotal examinations and the testicular volumes of the children were recorded. Results: The parents of 1,500 children agreed to allow their children to be examined. The prevalence of cryptorchidism and orchiopexy was found to be 0.73 and 1.3%, respectively. Retractile testis was found in 3.9% of the children. The mean testicular volume of children having retractile testis (1.82 +/- 1.41 ml) was less than the ones who do not (2.38 +/- 1.40 ml, p < 0.05). The prevalence was 1.7%, and 4% in the participants who had inguinal hernia also had hernioplasty. Conclusions: The prevalence of cryptorchidism and the mean age of orchidopexy are high among schoolchildren aged 7 - 12. Retractile testis might have some negative effects on the development of testicular volume in children. Parents and healthcare and education professionals should give special attention to inguino- scrotal diseases. Copyright (C) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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    Safra kesesi greftinin sistoplastide kullanılabilirliğinin deneysel olarak değerlendirilmesi
    (Trakya Üniversitesi, 2005) Ayhan, Sinan; Pul, Mehmet
    ÖZET Ögmentasyon sistoplastisi ameliyatlarında kullanılan dokulardan gelişen komplikasyonlar veya komplikasyon gelişmeyen dokunun her insanda bulunamaması nedeniyle bu tür ameliyatlarda kullanılmak üzere ideal doku veya sentetik materyal arayışı devam etmektedir. Biz bu çalışmamızda ögmentasyon sistoplastisi için daha önce denenmemiş bir organ olan safra kesesinin kullanılabilirliğini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Bunun için ilk aşamada safra kesesinin beslenmesini sağlayacak bir pedikül oluşturabilmek amacıyla omentuma ototransplantasyonunu yaptık. Deneysel çalışmamız 10 tavşanda ve üç aşamada yapıldı. 1. Aşama: Tavşanların safra keseleri, karaciğer altındaki yataklanndan sıyrılıp serbest hale getirildi ve safra keselerinin etrafı omentumla sarıldı. 2. Aşama: Omentuma sanlı halde olan safra keselerinin arter, ven ve kanalları iki taraftan bağlanıp kesildi. 3. Aşama: Deneklere kulak veninden 0,5 mi flöresein sodyum verildikten 15 dakika sonra safra keseleri, çevrelerindeki omentumlarla birlikte çıkarıldı ve denekler geri dönüşümsüz olarak uyutuldu. Flöresein sodyum verildikten 15 dakika sonra yapılan gözlemde 10 safra kesesinden dokuzunun yeşile çalan bir renge boyandığı görüldü. Yapılan histopatolojik incelemede ise, 10 safra kesesinden dokuzunun beslenmesini omentum aracılığıyla sürdürdüğü ve iskemi gelişmemiş olduğu tespit edildi. 28Bu bulgular eşliğinde, mesane ögmentasyonu için daha önce kullanılmamış bir organ olan safra kesesinin ögmentasyon sistoplastisi operasyonlarında kullanılabileceği kanaati taşımaktayız. Anahtar Kelimeler: Safra kesesi, omentum, ototransplant 29