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Öğe Analysis of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in Relation to Environmental Variables of Lake Gala, a National Park of Turkey(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2010) Camur-Elipek, Belgin; Arslan, Naime; Kirgiz, Timur; Oterler, Burak; Guher, Huseyin; Ozkan, NurcanIn order to determine the relationships between the dynamics of benthic macroinvertebrates (both species number and individual number) and environmental variables, sampling was made at four different stations at monthly intervals during a year between March 2004 and January 2005 of Lake Gala which is a part of an important wetland and a national park in European part of Turkey (Enez/Edirne). Altogether, a total of 49 zoobenthic taxa which were grouped as Oligochaeta, Chironomidae, and Varia, comprised of 1,628 individuals in per m(2) at average were recognised in the sampling stations of the Lake. The present study showed that larval chironomids comprising 57% abundance of the total specimens are the biggest part of benthic macroinvertebrates. It is followed by oligochaetes and the group varia comprising 34% and 9% abundance, respectively. Also, it was seen changing that the composition of zoobenthic group dominancy in the Lake as time passes. Furthermore, according to Shannon-Wcaner index, species diversity for zoobenthic macroinvertebrate fauna of the lake was found as H'=1.21 at average. Also, similarities of the sampling stations and months, both the dynamics of benthic macroinvertebrates and physicochemical features were evaluated by using Bray-Curtis similarity index. According to Spearman correlation index, relationship between the number of individuals and some physicochemical variables such as temperature, turbidity (light permeability), and depth of the lake was determined statistically significant.Öğe The aquatic and semi-aquatic oligochaeta fauna of Turkish thrace(2012) Yıldız, Seray; Arslan, Naime; Divrik, Menekşe Taş; Çamur, Belgin Elipek; Kırgız, TimurBu çalışmada, 1985-1999 yılları arasında Trakya Bölgesi’ndeki farklı lokalitelerden toplanan tatlısu Oligochaeta örnekleri taksonomik olarak değerlendirildi. Toplamda 11 Oligochaeta türü belirlendi. Ayrıca, Trakya Bölgesi’nde şimdiye dek sucul ve yarı sucul Oligochaeta faunasına ait yayınlanmış taksonomik çalışmalar da bu makalede tartışıldı. Sonuç olarak, Trakya Bölgesi’nde Oligochaeta’ya ait toplam 37 türün bulunduğu özetlendi. Naididae familyası 27 türle en çok karşılaşılan familya olarak belirlenirken bunu, 7 türle Enchytraeidae familyası izledi. Haplotaxidae, Lumbricidae ve Propappidae familyaları ise Trakya Bölgesinde sadece birer türle temsil edildi.Öğe Aras Nehri havzasındaki (Kuzeydoğu Türkiye) üç gölün (Çıldır, Aktaş ve Aygır) makrozoobentik fauna yapısının ilk değerlendirmesi(2022) Mercan, Deniz; Arslan, Naime; Elipek, Belgin Çamur; Ertorun, Nesıl; Odabaşı, Deniz AnılÇıldır, Aktaş ve Aygır göllerinin makrozoobentik fauna yapısının ortaya konması amacıyla 2013, 2017 ve 2019 yıllarında farklı dönemlerde göllerde yapılan örneklemeler sonucunda 47 takson tespit edilmiştir. Tür düzeyinde teşhisi yapılan 43 taksondan 41 tanesi araştırma yapılan göller için yeni kayıt niteliğindedir. Çıldır Gölü’nün dominant türleri Gyraulus (Armiger) crista (% 4.49), Paratanytarsus lauterborni (% 3.90) ve Virgotanytarsus arduensis (% 3.80) olarak tespit dilmiştir. Aktaş Gölü zoobentozunda gammarid populasyonunun çok baskın olduğu görülmektedir. Gölde Gammarus pseudosyriacus %15.24 baskınlık oranı ile dominant tür iken bunu % 7.53 oran ile Cricotopus (Isocladius) reversus ve % 7.29 oran ile Gyraulus albus takip etmektedir. Aygır Gölü’nde de gammarid populasyonu yüksektir ancak Aktaş Gölü’nden farklı olarak bu gruptan Gammarus balcanicus % 6.28’lik baskınlık oranı ile; Gyraulus albus (% 8), Virgotanytarsus arduensis (% 6.92) ve Cricotopus (Isocladius) tricinctus’tan (% 6.64) sonra dördüncü sırada yer almaktadır. Makrozoobentik fauna çeşitliliği açısından en yüksek Shannon ve Margalef İndeks değerleri Çıldır Gölü’nde tespit edilmiş olup (Shannon İndeks H’: 1.73-2.23 arasında (ortalama 2.0), Margalef İndeks: 1.89-2.06 arsında (ortalama 2.03)) Aktaş ve Aygır göllerinde ise daha düşüktür. Her üç göl genelinde de tespit edilen taksonlar ? ve ? mesosaprob su kalitesi sınıfına ait türler olup, populasyon yoğunluklarının fazla olması özellikle Çıldır Gölü için oligotrofik düzeyden mesotrofik düzeye geçişin bir işareti olarak değerlendirilebilir.Öğe ASSESSING WATER QUALITY OF BOYALI DAM LAKE (SINOP, TURKEY) BY USING ECOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL INDICATORS(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rolniczego Hugona Kollataja Krakowie, 2021) Mutlu, Ekrem; Arslan, Naime; Tokatli, CemAim of the study In the present study, the spatial-temporal variations of water quality in Boyali Pond were analyzed. Water Quality Index (WQI) based on the World Health Organization's standards specified for drinking water and Water Quality Control Regulations in Turkey (WQCR), as well as certain multi-statistical methods, were used in analyzing the water quality. Material and methods Water samples were collected from 5 stations selected in the lake on monthly basis in 2019 and 30 water quality parameters were measured in total. Water Quality Index (WQI), Factor Analysis (FA), and Cluster Analysis (CA) were used in order to determine the differences between the spatial and temporal quality levels and to classify the investigated locations. Results and conclusions According to data observed, Boyali Dam Lake was found to have Class I and Class II water quality. In general, the WQI results obtained suggested that, although the water quality was found to significantly decrease in summer months, the reservoir was found to have an A Grade - Excellent water quality (< 50) in all the months and stations analyzed here. WQI values recorded in the dam lake ranged between 16.4 and 27.8 and the detected limnologic parameters did not exceed the standards specified for drinking water in any of the investigated months and stations (< 50 for WQI). As a result of FA, 3 factors explained 88.9% of total variances and as a result of CA, 2 statistical clusters were formed.Öğe Assessment of the potentially toxic element contamination in water of Sehriban Stream (Black Sea Region, Turkey) by using statistical and ecological indicators(Wiley, 2021) Tokatli, Cem; Mutlu, Ekrem; Arslan, NaimeIn the present study, the spatial-temporal variations of iron, lead, copper, cadmium, mercury, nickel, and zinc accumulations in the water of Sehriban Stream (northern Turkey) were investigated. Water Quality Index (WQI), Heavy Metal Evaluation Index (HEI), Pearson Correlation Index (PCI), and Factor Analysis (FA) were used in analyzing the water quality. Sampling was performed in 12 stations on monthly basis between February 2019 and January 2020 (a hydrological year). The data showed that the Sehriban Stream had significantly high water quality characteristics and the investigated toxicants were not found as dangerous for health. Although there was a slight decrease in the water quality from upstream to downstream, the stream was found to have 1st class water quality in general. As a result of WQI and HEI, although it was determined that the water quality decreased slightly in autumn, the stream was found to be A Grade - Excellent (<50) and Low Contamination (<10), respectively. As a result of PCI, strong positive correlations were found between almost all the toxicants investigated here (p < 0.01). As a result of FA, 2 factors (Agriculture - Forestry and Rock Structure) explained 86% of the total variance.Öğe Benthic macrofauna in Tunca River (Turkey) and their relationships with environmental variables(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2006) Camur-Elipek, Belgin; Arslan, Naime; Kirgiz, Timur; Oterler, BurakThe numerical and proportional distributions of benthic macroinvertebrates in Tunca (Tundja, Tundzha) River (Edirne/Turkey) were determined from July 2002 to June 2003 at monthly intervals at four different stations. It was found that the benthic macrofauna consisted of 63% Oligochaeta, 24% Chironomidae larvae, and 13% Varia by numbers. According to the Shannon-Wiener index, Tunca River had a diversity of 1.36; station 2 and September were found to have the highest diversity while station 4 and December to have the poorest. According to Bray-Curtis similarity index, stations 2 and 3 and April and May were found to be the most similar to each other while stations 1 and 4 and August and January were found to be the most different from each other for the dynamics of the benthic macrofauna. Also some physicochemical parameters of the water (water temperature, electrical conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, chloride, total hardness, NO3--N, NO2--N, sulfate, phosphate, biochemical and chemical oxygen demands) were analyzed. Pearson correlation index supported the relationships between the dynamics of organisms and physicochemical variables. The relation between the number of macroinvertebrates and pH (r = +0.57, P < 0.05) was direct proportional while the relation between the number of macroinvertebrates and NO3--N (r = -0.99, P < 0.05) was inverse proportional. Furthermore, the Chironomidae larvae of Bryophaenocladius muscicola and Mesosmittia flexuella were new records for Turkish Thrace region. High pH and supersaturated oxygen levels, hard water quality, second quality levels of NO3--N, BOD, COD and fourth quality levels of NO2--N as well as the density of 490 individuals m(-2) for 124 taxa and the diversity of 1.36 showed that similar studies should be repeated periodically in Tunca to determine the future of the river.Öğe Changing with time of Oligochaeta fauna and some physicochemical features of Corlu stream (Tekirdag)(Ege Univ, 2008) Tas, Menekse; Kirgiz, Timur; Arslan, Naime; Camur-Elipek, Belgin; Guher, HuseyinThis study was performed to determine Oligochaeta fauna and some physicochemical features of Corlu Stream which is the large part of Meric-Ergene River Basin. A total of 9 Oligochaeta species belonging to Tubificidae (4 species) and Naididae (5 species) was recorded in the study during seasonal sampling carried out between 1990 and 1991. Furthermore, some physicochemical parameteres (pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, biological and chemical oxygen demands) in the stream which was under the pressure of intensive pollution because of urban and industrial wastes, were measured. To determine the changes in species composition and pollution level one more sampling was made in 2008. Also, some physicochemical features (pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, nitrite, nitrate, sulphate, phosphate, H2S, Suspended Solid Matter) were measured beside Oligochaeta sampling. It was observed that number of total oligochaeta species was decreased to 4 and the quality of water in the stream was further deteriorated.Öğe Çorlu Deresi’nin (Tekirdağ) Oligochaeta faunası ve bazı fizikokimyasal özelliklerinin zamana bağlı değişimi(2008) Divrik, Menekşe Taş; Kırgız, Timur; Arslan, Naime; Elipek, Belgin Çamur; Güher, HüseyinBu çalışma, Meriç-Ergene havzası akarsu sisteminin önemli bir parçası olan Çorlu Deresi’nin Oligochaeta faunasını ve bazı fizikokimyasal özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. 1990–1991 yılları arasında mevsimsel olarak yapılan örnekleme sonucunda 4’ ü Tubificidae ve 5’ i Naididae olmak üzere toplam 9 Oligoket türü teşhis edilmiştir. Ayrıca, kentsel ve sanayi atıkları ile yoğun kirlilik baskısı altında olduğu gözlemlenen derenin bazı fizikokimyasal özellikleri de (pH, iletkenlik, çözünmüş oksijen, Biyolojik ve Kimyasal Oksijen İhtiyacı) belirlenmiştir. Kirlilik düzeyinin ve oligoket tür kompozisyonunun zaman içerisindeki değişimini gözlemlemek amacıyla 2008 yılında yapılan bir örneklemeyle oligoket örneklerinin yanı sıra su analizleri de (pH, sıcaklık, çözünmüş oksijen, nitrit, nitrat, sülfat, fosfat, H2S, Askıda Katı Madde) yapılarak, bu iki çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir. Buna göre tür sayısının 4’e indiği ve bazı fizikokimyasal değerler açısından su kalitesinin daha da düştüğü belirlenmiştir.Öğe Distribution of the Ponto-Caspian Species Pontogammarus robustoides (Sars, 1894) (Amphipoda) in the Inland Waters of Turkey(Inst Zoology, Bas, 2020) Arslan, Naime; Camur-Elipek, Belgin; Mercan, DenizUp to now, thirteen Ponto-Caspian amphipod species belonging to seven genera have been recorded in Turkey. One of them is Pontogammarus robustoides which is known as an invasive Ponto-Caspian species in several European countries. The species was reported for the first time in Turkey in 1964, and since then has been found in 12 lakes and dam lakes located in the Marmara, Aegean and Thrace regions. In this study, materials collected during different study periods were examined and P. robustoides was detected at eight new localities: the lakes Akgol and Poyrazlar, the reservoirs Demirkopru, Caybogazi and Gordes, and the rivers Cekerek, Kocacay and Bakircay. In addition, P. robustoides is reported for the first time from the Central Anatolia and Mediterranean regions of Turkey. Our results indicate that this species has expanded its distribution area in many freshwater systems in Turkey. However, it has not been reported yet from eastern and southeastern regions of Turkey. Therefore, detailed studies dealing with distribution pattern and population status of this Ponto-Caspian amphipod are needed.Öğe Dynamics of Oligochaeta Fauna in Sazlidere Stream (Edirne, Turkey) with Relation to Environmental Factors(Inst Zoology, Bas, 2011) Tas, Menekse; Kirgiz, Timur; Arslan, NaimeThis study was carried out in order to determine Oligochaeta fauna of Sazlidere Stream (Edirne, Turkey) and investigate their distribution between February 2007-December 2007. Samplings were collected in two monthly intervals at four different stations during a year. Oligochaeta individuals were identified on species level and a total of 14 species (Tubifex tubifex (Muller 1774), Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri (Claparede 1862), L. udekemianus (Claparede 1862), Potamothrix hammoniensis (Michaelsen 1901) belonging to subfamily Tubificinae; Chaetogaster diaphanus (Gruithuisen 1828), Stylaria lacustris (Linnaeus 1767), Nais barbata (Muller 1773), N. bretscheri (Michaelsen 1899), N. elinguis (Piguet 1906), Ophidonais serpentina (Muller 1774), Pristina longiseta (Ehrenberg 1938), Slavina appendiculata (D'Ukem 1855), Dero digitata (Muller 1773), Aulophorus furcatus (Muller 1774) belonging to family Naididae and immature tubificidae with hair setae were determined. All the species identified in Sazlidere Stream are new records for the stream. In addition, C. diaphanus, N. barbata, N. bretscheri, O. serpentina, S. appendiculata, P. longiseta are new recods for Oligochaeta fauna of Turkish Thrace. According to Shannon-Weiner diversity index, it was found that Sazlidere Stream has H'= 0.72 diversity values at average. According to Bray-Curtis Cluster analyse results, 1st and 2nd stations have showed the highest similarity in terms of Oligochaeta species and their number and it is observed that this similarity is related to 4th and 3rd station, respectively. Also, water sampling was done to determine some physical-chemical features of surface water (DO, BOD, SO4-2, PO4-3, NO3--N, NO- (2)-N, Mg, Ca, Cl, Chlorophyll-a, suspended solid material, organic matter) and microbiological analysis (total bacteria, total coliform and E. coli). Furthermore, the relationships between oligochaeta species and physical-chemical features was analysed by one way ANOVA test.Öğe Ecological risk assessment of toxic metal contamination in a significant mining basin in Turkey(Springer, 2021) Tokatli, Cem; Ugurluoglu, Alper; Kose, Esengul; Cicek, Arzu; Arslan, Naime; Dayioglu, Hayri; Emiroglu, OzgurEmet River Basin is a worldwide significant mining area and contains the most important boron and chromium deposits of Turkey. In this study, water and sediment quality of Emet River Basin was evaluated using some toxic element risk assessment indices. Samples were collected seasonally from 8 locations and nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) accumulations in water and sediment were analysed using an ICP-OES. Water Quality Index (WQI), Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI), Heavy Metal Evaluation Index (HEI) and Degree of Contamination Index (C-deg) were applied to the data for assessing the water quality and Biological Risk Index (BRI), Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI), Geo-Accumulation Index (I-geo), Contamination Factor (CF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI) were applied to the data for assessing the sediment quality. According to the results of WQI, HPI, HEI and C-deg, As and Cr were recorded as the most dangerous toxicants; according to the results of BRI, I-geo, CF and PLI, Cd, As and Pb were recorded as the most dangerous toxicants; and according to the results of PERI, Ni and Cr were recorded as the most dangerous toxicants among the investigated elements. The seasonal average values of applied ecological indices for the water of the basin ranged 71.41-888.29 for WQI, 85.97-915.76 for HPI, 4.04-49.80 for HEI and - 2.95-42.80 for C-deg. The seasonal average values of applied ecological indices for the sediment of the basin ranged 33.72-130.56 for PERI, 0.14-0.93 for BRI, - 3.92-5.99 for I-geo and 0.45-1.20 for PLI. In addition to the intensive agricultural applications around the region, the geological structure of the watershed was considered as the main cause of the high heavy metal accumulations in basin waters and sediments.Öğe Effect of Silver on Aquatic Ecosystems of Emet Stream Basin, Turkey(Zoological Soc Pakistan, 2013) Tokatli, Cem; Arslan, Naime; Cicek, Arzu; Kose, Esengul; Emiroglu, Ozgur; Dayioglu, HayriEmet Stream is one of the most important branches of Uluabat Lake (Ramsar area) and also one of Turkey's most important river systems. In addition to the geologic structure of the basin, Eti Silver Mine is a significance source of silver for the basin. In this study, water, sediment and fish samples (Squalius cii (Richardson, 1857); Capoeta tinca (Heckel, 1843); Barbus oligolepis Battalgil, 1941) were collected from 8 stations (1 of them is on the Kinik Stream and 1 of them is on the Dursunbey Stream) from Emet Stream Basin seasonally between November 2010 August 2011 to determine the Ag levels in biotic and abiotic components of Emet Stream Basin. Cluster Analysis was applied to the results to classify the stations according to the contents of silver by using the Past package program and also One Way Anova Test was applied to the results to determine the significant differences of silver accumulations by using the SPSS 17 package program. According to data, silver accumulations in abiotic components of Emet Stream Basin were determined as sediment > water and in biotic components (fish tissues) of Emet Stream were determined as kidney > liver > gill > muscle for S. cii, liver > gill > kidney > muscle for C.tinca and gill > liver > kidney > muscle for B. oligolepis, respectively.Öğe EMET ÇAYI SU KALİTESİNİN MEVSİMSEL DEĞİŞİMİ(2016) Emiroğlu, Özgür; Arslan, Naime; Tokatlı, Cem; Dayıoğlu, Hayri; Çiçek, Arzu; Köse, EsengülEmet Çayı Havzası, Türkiye'nin en önemli nehir sistemlerinden biridir ve Emet Çayı Uluabat Gölü'nü (Ramsar Alanı) besleyen en önemli iki akarsudan biridir. Havzada yürütülen tarımsal ve endüstriyel faaliyetler ve evsel atıklar sistem üzerinde yoğun bir kirlilik baskısı oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, biri Kınık Çayı üzerinde, biri Dursunbey Çayı üzerinde ve altısı Emet Çayı üzerinde olmak üzere Emet Çayı Havzası'nda belirlenen toplam sekiz istasyondan mevsimsel olarak su örnekleri toplanmıştır. Bölgenin su kalitesinin belirlenmesi için bazı limnolojik parametreler (nitrat azotu, nitrit azotu, amonyum azotu, sülfat, ortafosfat ve BOİ5) araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler istatistiki olarak değerlendirilmiş ve çeşitli ulusal ve uluslararası kuruluşlar tarafından bildirilen limit değerler ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre, havzanın önemli miktarda organik kirliliğe maruz kaldığı tespit edilmiştirÖğe EVALUATION OF SURFACE WATER QUALITY IN PORSUK STREAM(2016) Uysal, Kazım; Emiroğlu, Özgür; Çiçek, Arzu; Arslan, Naime; Köse, Esengül; Tokatlı, CemPorsuk Çayı, Kütahya ve Eskişehir il sınırlarından geçerek Türkiye'nin önemli su potansiyellerinden biri olan Sakarya Nehri'ni besleyen önemli bir akarsudur. Özellikle, Eskişehir iline kadar olan kısmının kullanma suyu olarak değerlendirilmesi nedeni ile Porsuk Çayı'nın su kalitesinin belirlenmesi bölgede bulunan ekosistemlerin sağlığı açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Su örnekleri Porsuk Çayı üzerinde seçilen 13 istasyondan (Mayıs 2010- Şubat 2011) mevsimsel olarak toplanmış ve sıcaklık, pH, çözünmüş oksijen, tuzluluk, iletkenlik, amonyum nitrojen, nitrit nitrojen, nitrat nitrojen, sülfat, fosfat, kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı, biyokimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı, toplam fosfor, toplam klor, kalsiyum, magnezyum, sodyum, potasyum parametreleri belirlenmiştir. Tespit edilen fizikokimyasal parametreler istasyonlar arasında istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırılmış ve Faktör Analizi kullanılarak etkili faktörler sınıflandırılmıştır. Aynı zamanda, Past istatistik programı kullanılarak suda ölçülen parametrelere göre istasyonların benzerliğini belirlemek amacı ile kümeleme analizi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler uluslar arası ve ulusal su kalite kriterleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu çalışma, yüzey suyu izleme çalışmaları hakkında daha iyi bilgi edinebilmek için Kümeleme Analizi (CA), Faktör Analizi (FA) ve tek yönlü varyans analizi (One-Way ANOVA) gibi istatistiksel tekniklerin kullanımı ve gerekliliğini göstermiştirÖğe Heavy Metal Accumulations in Water, Sediment, and Some Cyprinid Species in Porsuk Stream (Turkey)(Wiley, 2015) Kose, Esengul; Cicek, Arzu; Uysal, Kazim; Tokatli, Cem; Emiroglu, Ozgur; Arslan, NaimePorsuk Stream is one of Turkey's most important river systems and also one of the most important branches of the Sakarya River. It provides drinking and utility water for two Turkish cities (Kutahya and Eskisxehir) with a total population of one million. In this study, water, sediment, and some tissues (liver, gill, and muscle) of five cyprinid fish species were collected seasonally (2010-2011) from eight stations on the Porsuk Stream, and the zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As) levels of collected samples were determined. The data observed were evaluated with national and international quality criteria. Based on the data observed, it was determined that the Porsuk Stream is affected by significant inorganic pollution from the Kutahya and Eskisxehir Provinces. It was also determined that the Porsuk Dam Lake has an important cleaning capacity and that the water and sediment quality of the Porsuk Stream improves after the output of the dam lake.Öğe Hydrochemical and Bacteriological Status of a High Altitude Karstic Cave Stream (Güvercinkaya Cave: Çanakkale, Turkey) with Aquatic Macroinvertebrates Findings(2022) Çakır, Fikret; Odabaşı, Deniz Anıl; Odabaşı, Serpil; Özalp, Barış; Elipek, Belgin Çamur; Arslan, Naime; Deniz, OzanCaves are laboratories for many disciplines that work in natural sciences including mineralogy, biology, hydrogeology, and archaeology. In this study, bi-monthly samplings were carried out from three sampling locations within and around the Güvercinkaya Cave, a high-altitude cave located in northwestern Turkey, to evaluate the hydrochemical and microbiological properties and the aquatic macroinvertebrates of the cave stream. Some parameters of the water including pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, oxidation-reduction potential, and dissolved oxygen were measured in-situ, while elemental (70 in total) and ionic composition of water were analyzed in the laboratory. Microbiological analyses of the cave stream were examined through analyses of total bacteria, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, fecal Streptococcus, and Escherichia coli. According to the Piper diagram of hydrochemical data, the cave stream had mainly Ca-Mg-HCO3 character, on the other hand, the Schoeller diagram indicated a common water source in Güvercinkaya cave due to the similar components of the main ionic components of the water. As a result of microbiological analysis, fecal contamination was determined, indicating active wildlife in the cave. Additionally, several aquatic macroinvertebrates taxa, Rhynchelmis limosella, Dugesia sp., Gammarus uludagi which have non-troglobiont character were found in the cave stream. Rhynchelmis limosella detected in this study is the first record for the Turkish fauna.Öğe MADEN HAVZASI BALIKLARINDA VÜCUT AĞIRLIĞI İLE AĞIR METAL BİYOAKÜMÜLASYON İLİŞKİLERİ: EMET ÇAYI HAVZASI(2016) Başkurt, Sercan; Emiroğlu, Özgür; Dayıoğlu, Hayri; Çiçek, Arzu; Arslan, Naime; Köse, Esengül; Tokatlı, CemBildirildiği gibi, farklı fizyolojik yapılara sahip değişik balık türleri, ağır metallere maruz kalma sürelerine ve maruz kalınan metalin çeşidine göre, ağır metalleri farklı dokularda farklı miktarlarda biriktirmektedirler. Balıkların yaşı, dolayısıyla yaşa paralel artış gösteren ağırlıkları, dokulardaki toksik element biyoakümülasyonlarında önemli bir faktördür. Bu çalışmada, ülkemizin en önemli maden yataklarının yer aldığı Emet Çayı üzerinde tespit edilen üç ve yine Emet Çayı Havzası'nda yer alan Dursunbey Çayı üzerinde tespit edilen bir istasyondan mevsimsel olarak, havza için en büyük önem arz eden Squalius cii, Capoeta tinca ve Barbus oligolepis türleri, gerekli miktarlarda toplanmıştır. Yakalanan balıkların kas, solungaç, karaciğer ve böbrek dokularında tespit edilen nikel, çinko, arsenik, bor, kadmiyum, bakır, mangan, kurşun, gümüş ve krom biyoakümülasyon seviyelerinin balık ağırlıkları ile ilişkileri araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen verilere, Pearson Korelasyon Analizi uygulanmış, yüksek korelasyon gösteren değişkenlerin üç boyutlu regresyon grafikleri çizilmiş ve regresyon katsayıları hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmamız sonucunda, özellikle nikel ve krom başta olmak üzere incelenen her 3 balık türünün de dokularında tespit edilen toksik element biyoakümülasyonları ile balıkların total ağırlık verileri arasında, p<0,05 ve p<0,01 düzeylerinde, istatistiki olarak anlamlı ilişkiler kaydedilmiştirÖğe Statistical approaches to evaluate the aquatic ecosystem qualities of a significant mining area: Emet stream basin (Turkey)(Springer, 2014) Tokatli, Cem; Cicek, Arzu; Emiroglu, Ozgur; Arslan, Naime; Kose, Esengul; Dayioglu, HayriEmet Stream is one of the most important branches of Uluabat Lake (Ramsar area) and also one of Turkey's most important river systems. In addition to the geologic structure of the basin, Harmancik Chromium Mines are one of the most important inorganic pollution sources for the basin and also for Uluabat Lake. In the present study, water, sediment and fish (Squalius cii, Capoeta tinca and Barbus oligolepis) samples were collected seasonally from eight stations (one of them was on the Kinik Stream where the Harmancik Chromium Mines is located on and one of them was on the Dursunbey Stream) on the Emet Stream Basin. Some limnological parameters (pH, conductivity and total hardness) in water and Cr, Ca, Mg, Ni and Mn levels in biotic (muscle, gill, liver and kidney tissues of fishes) and abiotic (water and sediment) components of basin were determined to evaluate the effects of Harmancik Chromium Mines on the system. Cluster Analysis, Factor Analysis, Pearson Correlation Index, One Way Anova Tests, Scatter dot Comparing and Matrix plot Distribution Diagrams were applied to the results in order to estimate the data properly. Water samples were evaluated according to the water quality criteria for Turkey and sediment samples were evaluated according to the sediment quality criteria. According to data obtained, statistically significance differences were identified between Kinik and Emet Streams according to Cr and Ni accumulations in water and sediment. Chromium levels of Kinik Stream were extremely higher an average of 153 times for water and 10 times for sediment than uncontaminated stations. Water and sediment quality of Emet Stream were decreasing after falling the Kinik Stream and increasing after falling the Dursunbey Stream. It was also determined that, the amount of chromium in muscle tissues of three fish species were much higher than the limit value of 0.15 mg kg(-1) that FAO identified.Öğe WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF YASSIALAN DAM LAKE (KARADENIZ REGION, TURKEY) BY USING PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS AND WATER QUALITY INDEX(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rolniczego Hugona Kollataja Krakowie, 2021) Mutlu, Ekrem; Arslan, Naime; Tokatli, CemAim of the study In this research, spatial-temporal variations of water quality in Yassialan Dam Lake were investigated by determining a total of 28 limnologic parameters and by using Water Quality Index (WQI) and Principle Component (PCA). Material and methods Water samples were collected from seven stations selected on the reservoir monthly in 2018-2019 and total of 28 water quality parameters were measured in water samples. WQI was used for evaluating the water quality by using the parameters of pH, EC, Cl, NO2, NO3, SO4, Na, Pb, Cu, Cd, Hg, Ni, Zn, and PCA was used for evaluating the water quality by using the variables of pH, BOD, EC, salinity, dissolved oxygen, total hardness, temperature, total alkalinity, Hg, Ca, NO3, NO2, NH4, SO4, Mg, Ca, Fe, Ni, Cl, Zn, Cd, S, Na, K, Pb, Cu. Results and conclusions According to data observed, water of the Yassialan Dam Lake has 1st - 2nd Class water quality in general and according to the results of WQI, although it was determined that the water quality decreased significantly in summer period, the reservoir was found as A Grade - Excellent water quality (<50) in all the investigated months and at all the investigated stations. WQI values recorded in the dam lake were found as 15.3 - 26.1 and the detected limnologic parameters did not exceed the specified drinking water standards in all the investigated months and at all the investigated stations. According to the results of PCA, 3 factors explained 84.2% of total variances.
